Remodelling of Ca2+ handling organelles in adult rat ventricular myocytes during long term culture. 2010

Karin Hammer, and Sandra Ruppenthal, and Cedric Viero, and Anke Scholz, and Ludwig Edelmann, and Lars Kaestner, and Peter Lipp
Institute for Molecular Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany.

It is well known that for cardiomyocytes, isolation and culturing induce largely unknown remodelling processes. We analysed changes in the structure of cell compartments with optical techniques such as confocal microscopy and fluorescence redistribution after photobleaching employing adenoviral-mediated transduction of targeted fluorescent proteins and small molecule dyes. We identified characteristic remodelling processes: the T-tubular membrane system was gradually lost by a process referred to as "sequential pinching off", in an outward direction. Mitochondria fell in one of three classes, very small (0.9 microm length), medium long (1.8 microm) or extended shape (3.6 microm) organelles. Over the culturing time mitochondria gradually fused. Bleaching of individual mitochondria revealed association between apparently separated mitochondria by "tunnelling" via sub-resolution organelle-tubes. This tunnelling process was increasing over the culturing time. A gradual loss of the cross-striation arrangement in the endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum was visualised. Analysis of large populations of Ca(2+) sparks by video-rate confocal 2D-scanning revealed significant albeit small changes of these elementary SR-Ca(2+) release events in adult cardiomyocytes that could be related to changes in SR-Ca(2+) content rather than resting Ca(2+) concentration. In conclusion, primary isolated cardiomyocytes from adult hearts undergo a well-defined, but reproducible subcellular remodelling during optimised long term culture.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008929 Mitochondria, Heart The mitochondria of the myocardium. Heart Mitochondria,Myocardial Mitochondria,Mitochondrion, Heart,Heart Mitochondrion,Mitochondria, Myocardial
D002118 Calcium A basic element found in nearly all tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes. Coagulation Factor IV,Factor IV,Blood Coagulation Factor IV,Calcium-40,Calcium 40,Factor IV, Coagulation
D002463 Cell Membrane Permeability A quality of cell membranes which permits the passage of solvents and solutes into and out of cells. Permeability, Cell Membrane
D004721 Endoplasmic Reticulum A system of cisternae in the CYTOPLASM of many cells. In places the endoplasmic reticulum is continuous with the plasma membrane (CELL MEMBRANE) or outer membrane of the nuclear envelope. If the outer surfaces of the endoplasmic reticulum membranes are coated with ribosomes, the endoplasmic reticulum is said to be rough-surfaced (ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM, ROUGH); otherwise it is said to be smooth-surfaced (ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM, SMOOTH). (King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed) Ergastoplasm,Reticulum, Endoplasmic
D006352 Heart Ventricles The lower right and left chambers of the heart. The right ventricle pumps venous BLOOD into the LUNGS and the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into the systemic arterial circulation. Cardiac Ventricle,Cardiac Ventricles,Heart Ventricle,Left Ventricle,Right Ventricle,Left Ventricles,Right Ventricles,Ventricle, Cardiac,Ventricle, Heart,Ventricle, Left,Ventricle, Right,Ventricles, Cardiac,Ventricles, Heart,Ventricles, Left,Ventricles, Right
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D015388 Organelles Specific particles of membrane-bound organized living substances present in eukaryotic cells, such as the MITOCHONDRIA; the GOLGI APPARATUS; ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM; LYSOSOMES; PLASTIDS; and VACUOLES. Organelle
D051381 Rats The common name for the genus Rattus. Rattus,Rats, Laboratory,Rats, Norway,Rattus norvegicus,Laboratory Rat,Laboratory Rats,Norway Rat,Norway Rats,Rat,Rat, Laboratory,Rat, Norway,norvegicus, Rattus
D018613 Microscopy, Confocal A light microscopic technique in which only a small spot is illuminated and observed at a time. An image is constructed through point-by-point scanning of the field in this manner. Light sources may be conventional or laser, and fluorescence or transmitted observations are possible. Confocal Microscopy,Confocal Microscopy, Scanning Laser,Laser Microscopy,Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy,Laser Scanning Microscopy,Microscopy, Confocal, Laser Scanning,Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy,Confocal Microscopies,Laser Microscopies,Laser Scanning Microscopies,Microscopies, Confocal,Microscopies, Laser,Microscopies, Laser Scanning,Microscopy, Laser,Microscopy, Laser Scanning,Scanning Microscopies, Laser,Scanning Microscopy, Laser
D018929 Cell Culture Techniques Methods for maintaining or growing CELLS in vitro. Cell Culture,Cell Culture Technique,Cell Cultures,Culture Technique, Cell,Culture Techniques, Cell

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