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We examined properties of culture-level personality traits in ratings of targets (N=5,109) ages 12 to 17 in 24 cultures. Aggregate scores were generalizable across gender, age, and relationship groups and showed convergence with culture-level scores from previous studies of self-reports and observer ratings of adults, but they were unrelated to national character stereotypes. Trait profiles also showed cross-study agreement within most cultures, 8 of which had not previously been studied. Multidimensional scaling showed that Western and non-Western cultures clustered along a dimension related to Extraversion. A culture-level factor analysis replicated earlier findings of a broad Extraversion factor but generally resembled the factor structure found in individuals. Continued analysis of aggregate personality scores is warranted.
Robert R McCrae, and
Antonio Terracciano, and
Filip De Fruyt, and
Marleen De Bolle, and
Michele J Gelfand, and
Paul T Costa, and
March 1978,
Journal of abnormal child psychology,
Robert R McCrae, and
Antonio Terracciano, and
Filip De Fruyt, and
Marleen De Bolle, and
Michele J Gelfand, and
Paul T Costa, and
January 2015,
Journal of personality assessment,
Robert R McCrae, and
Antonio Terracciano, and
Filip De Fruyt, and
Marleen De Bolle, and
Michele J Gelfand, and
Paul T Costa, and
October 1975,
The Journal of social psychology,
Robert R McCrae, and
Antonio Terracciano, and
Filip De Fruyt, and
Marleen De Bolle, and
Michele J Gelfand, and
Paul T Costa, and
September 2021,
Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges,
Robert R McCrae, and
Antonio Terracciano, and
Filip De Fruyt, and
Marleen De Bolle, and
Michele J Gelfand, and
Paul T Costa, and
July 2019,
Journal of abnormal psychology,
Robert R McCrae, and
Antonio Terracciano, and
Filip De Fruyt, and
Marleen De Bolle, and
Michele J Gelfand, and
Paul T Costa, and
October 1973,
Journal of clinical psychology,
Robert R McCrae, and
Antonio Terracciano, and
Filip De Fruyt, and
Marleen De Bolle, and
Michele J Gelfand, and
Paul T Costa, and
April 2001,
Journal of personality disorders,
Robert R McCrae, and
Antonio Terracciano, and
Filip De Fruyt, and
Marleen De Bolle, and
Michele J Gelfand, and
Paul T Costa, and
October 1964,
Behavioral science,
Robert R McCrae, and
Antonio Terracciano, and
Filip De Fruyt, and
Marleen De Bolle, and
Michele J Gelfand, and
Paul T Costa, and
January 1946,
Journal of abnormal psychology,
Robert R McCrae, and
Antonio Terracciano, and
Filip De Fruyt, and
Marleen De Bolle, and
Michele J Gelfand, and
Paul T Costa, and
June 1978,
Journal of abnormal child psychology,
