Biomaterial Database

Sodium handling by deep nephrons and the terminal collecting duct in glomerulonephritis. 1991

J Buerkert, and D R Martin, and D Trigg, and E E Simon

Department of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock.

The present study was designed to characterize the effects of anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) glomerulonephritis (GN) on sodium handling by surface nephrons, deep nephrons and the terminal collecting duct segment. Studies were performed in rats during hydropenia and volume expansion. In hydropenia, the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and sodium excretion tended to be lower in rats with GN than in controls. However, the major differences between the control and GN animals were seen in volume expansion. In the volume expanded groups fractional excretion of sodium was greater in controls (3.20 +/- 0.51%) than in GN (1.20 +/- 0.36%, P less than 0.01). Despite this, delivery to end proximal sites was similar in the two groups in absolute terms and higher in the expanded GN group compared to the expanded controls. Absolute sodium delivery to the bend of the loop of Henle in the expanded GN rats was decreased in absolute terms but increased in fractional terms compared to expanded controls. However, fractional delivery of sodium to the base of the terminal collecting duct was less in GN (3.71 +/- 1.39%) than in controls (7.19 +/- 0.96%, P less than 0.002). In both groups, fractional delivery between tip of the collecting duct fell compared to base (P less than 0.05) but delivery to the tip was again greater in controls (5.49 +/- 1.08%) than in GN (1.51 +/- 0.47%). In GN 62.6 +/- 5.0% of delivered sodium was reabsorbed between collecting duct sites, nearly twofold that of controls (28.8 +/- 9.4%, P less than 0.01). Thus, fractional sodium reabsorption in the collecting duct was enhanced by GN.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007685	Kidney Tubules, Collecting	Straight tubes commencing in the radiate part of the kidney cortex where they receive the curved ends of the distal convoluted tubules. In the medulla the collecting tubules of each pyramid converge to join a central tube (duct of Bellini) which opens on the summit of the papilla.	Kidney Collecting Ducts,Kidney Collecting Duct,Collecting Duct, Kidney,Collecting Ducts, Kidney
D008297	Male		Males
D009399	Nephrons	The functional units of the kidney, consisting of the glomerulus and the attached tubule.	Nephron
D011188	Potassium	An element in the alkali group of metals with an atomic symbol K, atomic number 19, and atomic weight 39.10. It is the chief cation in the intracellular fluid of muscle and other cells. Potassium ion is a strong electrolyte that plays a significant role in the regulation of fluid volume and maintenance of the WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE.
D011919	Rats, Inbred Strains	Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. This also includes animals with a long history of closed colony breeding.	August Rats,Inbred Rat Strains,Inbred Strain of Rat,Inbred Strain of Rats,Inbred Strains of Rats,Rat, Inbred Strain,August Rat,Inbred Rat Strain,Inbred Strain Rat,Inbred Strain Rats,Inbred Strains Rat,Inbred Strains Rats,Rat Inbred Strain,Rat Inbred Strains,Rat Strain, Inbred,Rat Strains, Inbred,Rat, August,Rat, Inbred Strains,Rats Inbred Strain,Rats Inbred Strains,Rats, August,Rats, Inbred Strain,Strain Rat, Inbred,Strain Rats, Inbred,Strain, Inbred Rat,Strains, Inbred Rat
D004195	Disease Models, Animal	Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	Animal Disease Model,Animal Disease Models,Disease Model, Animal
D005919	Glomerular Filtration Rate	The volume of water filtered out of plasma through glomerular capillary walls into Bowman's capsules per unit of time. It is considered to be equivalent to INULIN clearance.	Filtration Rate, Glomerular,Filtration Rates, Glomerular,Glomerular Filtration Rates,Rate, Glomerular Filtration,Rates, Glomerular Filtration
D005921	Glomerulonephritis	Inflammation of the renal glomeruli (KIDNEY GLOMERULUS) that can be classified by the type of glomerular injuries including antibody deposition, complement activation, cellular proliferation, and glomerulosclerosis. These structural and functional abnormalities usually lead to HEMATURIA; PROTEINURIA; HYPERTENSION; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.	Bright Disease,Kidney Scarring,Glomerulonephritides,Scarring, Kidney
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001693	Biological Transport, Active	The movement of materials across cell membranes and epithelial layers against an electrochemical gradient, requiring the expenditure of metabolic energy.	Active Transport,Uphill Transport,Active Biological Transport,Biologic Transport, Active,Transport, Active Biological,Active Biologic Transport,Transport, Active,Transport, Active Biologic,Transport, Uphill