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Traditionally, the stomach is regarded as two functional unit regions: 1) a proximal portion mainly involved in receptive relaxation and emptying of liquids; and 2) a distal portion that grinds, mixes and empties solids. Manometric and radioisotopic studies have been employed to construct such a physiological model. More recently, ad hoc designed studies have led to the identification of other factors that contribute to the regulation of gastric emptying. Antral, intestinal and pyloric motility, fundic tone and antropyloroduodenal coordination appear to be all involved in the regulation of gastric emptying. Nowadays, no single technique can simultaneously measure those parameters. Gastroduodenal manometry can be regarded as the most advanced technique, in studying gastrointestinal motility. Nevertheless, fundic tone, which is an important determinant of gastric emptying, cannot be concurrently recorded.
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