MALDI mass spectrometry imaging of proteins exceeding 30,000 daltons. 2010

Julien Franck, and Rémi Longuespée, and Maxence Wisztorski, and Alexandra Van Remoortere, and René Van Zeijl, and André Deelder, and Michel Salzet, and Liam McDonnell, and Isabelle Fournier
Universite Nord de France, CNRS, MALDI Imaging Team, Laboratoire de Neuroimmunologie et Neurochimie Evolutives, Universite Lille 1, Lille, France.

BACKGROUND Since its introduction 10 years ago by Caprioli and associates, MALDI mass spectrometry imaging has enabled spatial analysis of drugs, lipids, peptides, and polypeptides. In polypeptides, the detectable mass range is limited to small proteins with a mass less than 25 kDa. This is a limitation, as many proteins, including cytokines, growth factors, enzymes, and receptors have molecular weights, exceeding 25 kDa. In the present work, we report the development of a novel strategy to observe higher mass proteins up to 30 kDa. METHODS We investigated the development of sample preparation methods based on hexafluoroisopropanol (1,1,1,3,3,3-hexaluoro-2-propanol) and 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol solvents for protein solubilization optimized for high-mass proteins. RESULTS We were, for the first time in mass spectrometry imaging, able to detect to proteins up to 70 kDa directly from tissue. These developments indicate future avenues by which the sensitivity of protein mass spectrometry imaging can be further improved. We applied these developments to ovarian cancer and demonstrate that protein are similar to that which can be obtained using 2D gel based analyses. CONCLUSIONS Increasing the possibility of detecting proteins and high-mass proteins is key for developing direct tissue proteomics and especially any potential functional investigation. These data will open the door of a novel step in mass spectrometry imaging.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008970 Molecular Weight The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule. Molecular Weights,Weight, Molecular,Weights, Molecular
D009363 Neoplasm Proteins Proteins whose abnormal expression (gain or loss) are associated with the development, growth, or progression of NEOPLASMS. Some neoplasm proteins are tumor antigens (ANTIGENS, NEOPLASM), i.e. they induce an immune reaction to their tumor. Many neoplasm proteins have been characterized and are used as tumor markers (BIOMARKERS, TUMOR) when they are detectable in cells and body fluids as monitors for the presence or growth of tumors. Abnormal expression of ONCOGENE PROTEINS is involved in neoplastic transformation, whereas the loss of expression of TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEINS is involved with the loss of growth control and progression of the neoplasm. Proteins, Neoplasm
D010051 Ovarian Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. They are classified according to the tissue of origin, such as the surface EPITHELIUM, the stromal endocrine cells, and the totipotent GERM CELLS. Cancer of Ovary,Ovarian Cancer,Cancer of the Ovary,Neoplasms, Ovarian,Ovary Cancer,Ovary Neoplasms,Cancer, Ovarian,Cancer, Ovary,Cancers, Ovarian,Cancers, Ovary,Neoplasm, Ovarian,Neoplasm, Ovary,Neoplasms, Ovary,Ovarian Cancers,Ovarian Neoplasm,Ovary Cancers,Ovary Neoplasm
D011506 Proteins Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein. Gene Products, Protein,Gene Proteins,Protein,Protein Gene Products,Proteins, Gene
D001921 Brain The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM. Encephalon
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D014020 Tissue Extracts Preparations made from animal tissues or organs (ANIMAL STRUCTURES). They usually contain many components, any one of which may be pharmacologically or physiologically active. Tissue extracts may contain specific, but uncharacterized factors or proteins with specific actions. Extracts, Tissue

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