| D007328 |
Insulin |
A 51-amino acid pancreatic hormone that plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, directly by suppressing endogenous glucose production (GLYCOGENOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS) and indirectly by suppressing GLUCAGON secretion and LIPOLYSIS. Native insulin is a globular protein comprised of a zinc-coordinated hexamer. Each insulin monomer containing two chains, A (21 residues) and B (30 residues), linked by two disulfide bonds. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1). |
Iletin,Insulin A Chain,Insulin B Chain,Insulin, Regular,Novolin,Sodium Insulin,Soluble Insulin,Chain, Insulin B,Insulin, Sodium,Insulin, Soluble,Regular Insulin |
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| D010936 |
Plant Extracts |
Concentrated pharmaceutical preparations of plants obtained by removing active constituents with a suitable solvent, which is evaporated away, and adjusting the residue to a prescribed standard. |
Herbal Medicines,Plant Extract,Extract, Plant,Extracts, Plant,Medicines, Herbal |
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| D002460 |
Cell Line |
Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely. |
Cell Lines,Line, Cell,Lines, Cell |
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| D005941 |
Glucokinase |
A group of enzymes that catalyzes the conversion of ATP and D-glucose to ADP and D-glucose 6-phosphate. They are found in invertebrates and microorganisms, and are highly specific for glucose. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 2.7.1.2. |
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| D005947 |
Glucose |
A primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in its free state. It is used therapeutically in fluid and nutrient replacement. |
Dextrose,Anhydrous Dextrose,D-Glucose,Glucose Monohydrate,Glucose, (DL)-Isomer,Glucose, (alpha-D)-Isomer,Glucose, (beta-D)-Isomer,D Glucose,Dextrose, Anhydrous,Monohydrate, Glucose |
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| D005952 |
Glucose-6-Phosphatase |
An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of D-glucose 6-phosphate and water to D-glucose and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.9. |
Glucosephosphatase,Glucose 6-Phosphatase,Glucose-6-Phosphate Phosphohydrolase,Glucose 6 Phosphatase |
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| D006801 |
Humans |
Members of the species Homo sapiens. |
Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man |
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| D006946 |
Hyperinsulinism |
A syndrome with excessively high INSULIN levels in the BLOOD. It may cause HYPOGLYCEMIA. Etiology of hyperinsulinism varies, including hypersecretion of a beta cell tumor (INSULINOMA); autoantibodies against insulin (INSULIN ANTIBODIES); defective insulin receptor (INSULIN RESISTANCE); or overuse of exogenous insulin or HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS. |
Compensatory Hyperinsulinemia,Endogenous Hyperinsulinism,Exogenous Hyperinsulinism,Hyperinsulinemia,Hyperinsulinemia, Compensatory,Hyperinsulinism, Endogenous,Hyperinsulinism, Exogenous |
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| D000077154 |
Rosiglitazone |
A thiazolidinedione that functions as a selective agonist for PPAR GAMMA. It improves INSULIN SENSITIVITY in adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and the liver of patients with TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. |
5-((4-(2-Methyl-2-(pyridinylamino)ethoxy)phenyl)methyl)-2,4-thiazolidinedione-2-butenedioate,Avandia,BRL 49653,BRL-49653,BRL49653,Rosiglitazone Maleate |
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| D012333 |
RNA, Messenger |
RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm. |
Messenger RNA,Messenger RNA, Polyadenylated,Poly(A) Tail,Poly(A)+ RNA,Poly(A)+ mRNA,RNA, Messenger, Polyadenylated,RNA, Polyadenylated,mRNA,mRNA, Non-Polyadenylated,mRNA, Polyadenylated,Non-Polyadenylated mRNA,Poly(A) RNA,Polyadenylated mRNA,Non Polyadenylated mRNA,Polyadenylated Messenger RNA,Polyadenylated RNA,RNA, Polyadenylated Messenger,mRNA, Non Polyadenylated |
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