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Individual- and neighborhood-level factors associated with nonprescription counseling in pharmacies participating in the New York State Expanded Syringe Access Program. 2010

Alexis V Rivera, and Shannon Blaney, and Natalie D Crawford, and Kellee White, and Rachel J Stern, and Silvia Amesty, and Crystal Fuller
Center for Urban Epidemiologic Studies, New York Academy of Medicine, New York 10029, USA. arivera@nyam.org

OBJECTIVE To determine the individual- and neighborhood-level predictors of frequent nonprescription in-pharmacy counseling. METHODS Descriptive, nonexperimental, cross-sectional study. METHODS New York City (NYC) during January 2008 to March 2009. METHODS 130 pharmacies registered in the Expanded Syringe Access Program (ESAP) completed a survey. METHODS 477 pharmacists, nonpharmacist owners/managers, and technicians/clerks. METHODS Frequent counseling on medical conditions, health insurance, and other products. RESULTS Technicians were less likely than pharmacists to provide frequent counseling on medical conditions or health insurance. Regarding neighborhood-level characteristics, pharmacies in areas of high employment disability were less likely to provide frequent health insurance counseling and pharmacies in areas with higher deprivation were more likely to provide counseling on other products. CONCLUSIONS ESAP pharmacy staff members are a frequent source of nonprescription counseling for their patients in disadvantaged neighborhoods of NYC. These findings suggest that ESAP pharmacy staff may be amenable to providing relevant counseling services to injection drug users and warrant further investigation.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D009519 New York City City located at the mouth of the Hudson River, in New York State.
D010595 Pharmacists Those persons legally qualified by education and training to engage in the practice of pharmacy. Clinical Pharmacists,Community Pharmacists,Retail Pharmacists,Clinical Pharmacist,Community Pharmacist,Pharmacist,Pharmacist, Clinical,Pharmacist, Community,Pharmacist, Retail,Pharmacists, Clinical,Pharmacists, Community,Pharmacists, Retail,Retail Pharmacist
D012111 Residence Characteristics Elements of residence that characterize a population. They are applicable in determining need for and utilization of health services. Community,Domicile,Living Arrangements,Neighborhood,Place of Birth,Residential Selection,Arrangement, Living,Birth Place,Communities,Domiciles,Living Arrangement,Neighborhoods,Residence Characteristic
D003157 Community Pharmacy Services Total pharmaceutical services provided to the public through community pharmacies. Community Pharmaceutic Services,Community Pharmaceutical Services,Pharmaceutic Services, Community,Pharmaceutical Service, Community,Pharmaceutical Services, Community,Pharmacy Services, Community,Service, Community Pharmaceutic,Service, Community Pharmaceutical,Service, Community Pharmacy,Services, Community Pharmaceutic,Services, Community Pharmaceutical,Services, Community Pharmacy,Community Pharmaceutic Service,Community Pharmaceutical Service,Community Pharmacy Service,Pharmaceutic Service, Community,Pharmacy Service, Community
D003376 Counseling The giving of advice and assistance to individuals with educational or personal problems.
D003430 Cross-Sectional Studies Studies in which the presence or absence of disease or other health-related variables are determined in each member of the study population or in a representative sample at one particular time. This contrasts with LONGITUDINAL STUDIES which are followed over a period of time. Disease Frequency Surveys,Prevalence Studies,Analysis, Cross-Sectional,Cross Sectional Analysis,Cross-Sectional Survey,Surveys, Disease Frequency,Analyses, Cross Sectional,Analyses, Cross-Sectional,Analysis, Cross Sectional,Cross Sectional Analyses,Cross Sectional Studies,Cross Sectional Survey,Cross-Sectional Analyses,Cross-Sectional Analysis,Cross-Sectional Study,Cross-Sectional Surveys,Disease Frequency Survey,Prevalence Study,Studies, Cross-Sectional,Studies, Prevalence,Study, Cross-Sectional,Study, Prevalence,Survey, Cross-Sectional,Survey, Disease Frequency,Surveys, Cross-Sectional
D003625 Data Collection Systematic gathering of data for a particular purpose from various sources, including questionnaires, interviews, observation, existing records, and electronic devices. The process is usually preliminary to statistical analysis of the data. Data Collection Methods,Dual Data Collection,Collection Method, Data,Collection Methods, Data,Collection, Data,Collection, Dual Data,Data Collection Method,Method, Data Collection,Methods, Data Collection
D004366 Nonprescription Drugs Medicines that can be sold legally without a DRUG PRESCRIPTION. Drugs, Non-Prescription,Non-Prescription Drug,Nonprescription Drug,OTC Drug,OTC Drugs,Over-the-Counter Drug,Over-the-Counter Drugs,Patent Medicine,Patent Medicines,Drugs, Nonprescription,Medicines, Patent,Non-Prescription Drugs,Drug, Non-Prescription,Drug, Nonprescription,Drug, OTC,Drug, Over-the-Counter,Drugs, Non Prescription,Drugs, OTC,Drugs, Over-the-Counter,Medicine, Patent,Non Prescription Drug,Non Prescription Drugs,Over the Counter Drug,Over the Counter Drugs
D005260 Female Females

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