Biomaterial Database

Third-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors and beyond. 2010

Alfonso Quintás-Cardama, and Hagop Kantarjian, and Jorge Cortes

Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

Imatinib is considered standard frontline therapy for the management of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). However, it is estimated that approximately one third of patients will fail imatinib therapy. The recommended therapeutic approach for those patients is the use of a second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) such as nilotinib or dasatinib. With these agents, approximately 50% of patients achieve a complete cytogenetic response (0% Philadelphia chromosome-positive [Ph(+)] bone marrow metaphases), the duration of which has not yet been established. For the remainder, the options are limited to allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) or enrollment on a clinical trial with an investigational agent. Third-generation TKIs and non-adenosine triphosphate (non-ATP) mimetic compounds with activity against ABL1 mutations associated with failure to approved TKIs are under development for patients who either have failed sequential therapy with at least two TKIs or carry the highly resistant T315I mutation. Some of these agents have already shown promising clinical activity.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009154	Mutation	Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.	Mutations
D010879	Piperazines	Compounds that are derived from PIPERAZINE.
D011505	Protein-Tyrosine Kinases	Protein kinases that catalyze the PHOSPHORYLATION of TYROSINE residues in proteins with ATP or other nucleotides as phosphate donors.	Tyrosine Protein Kinase,Tyrosine-Specific Protein Kinase,Protein-Tyrosine Kinase,Tyrosine Kinase,Tyrosine Protein Kinases,Tyrosine-Specific Protein Kinases,Tyrosylprotein Kinase,Kinase, Protein-Tyrosine,Kinase, Tyrosine,Kinase, Tyrosine Protein,Kinase, Tyrosine-Specific Protein,Kinase, Tyrosylprotein,Kinases, Protein-Tyrosine,Kinases, Tyrosine Protein,Kinases, Tyrosine-Specific Protein,Protein Kinase, Tyrosine-Specific,Protein Kinases, Tyrosine,Protein Kinases, Tyrosine-Specific,Protein Tyrosine Kinase,Protein Tyrosine Kinases,Tyrosine Specific Protein Kinase,Tyrosine Specific Protein Kinases
D011743	Pyrimidines	A family of 6-membered heterocyclic compounds occurring in nature in a wide variety of forms. They include several nucleic acid constituents (CYTOSINE; THYMINE; and URACIL) and form the basic structure of the barbiturates.
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000068877	Imatinib Mesylate	A tyrosine kinase inhibitor and ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT that inhibits the BCR-ABL kinase created by chromosome rearrangements in CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA and ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA, as well as PDG-derived tyrosine kinases that are overexpressed in gastrointestinal stromal tumors.	Alpha-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-3'-((4-(3-pyridyl)-2-pyrimidinyl)amino)-p-tolu-p-toluidide,CGP 57148,CGP-57148,CGP57148B,Gleevec,Glivec,Imatinib,Imatinib Methanesulfonate,ST 1571,ST1571,STI 571,STI-571,STI571,CGP57148,Mesylate, Imatinib,Methanesulfonate, Imatinib
D001549	Benzamides	BENZOIC ACID amides.
D015464	Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive	Clonal hematopoetic disorder caused by an acquired genetic defect in PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS. It starts in MYELOID CELLS of the bone marrow, invades the blood and then other organs. The condition progresses from a stable, more indolent, chronic phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, CHRONIC PHASE) lasting up to 7 years, to an advanced phase composed of an accelerated phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, ACCELERATED PHASE) and BLAST CRISIS.	Granulocytic Leukemia, Chronic,Leukemia, Granulocytic, Chronic,Leukemia, Myelocytic, Chronic,Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic,Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic,Myelocytic Leukemia, Chronic,Myelogenous Leukemia, Chronic,Myeloid Leukemia, Chronic,Leukemia, Chronic Myelogenous,Leukemia, Chronic Myeloid,Leukemia, Myelogenous, Ph1 Positive,Leukemia, Myelogenous, Ph1-Positive,Leukemia, Myeloid, Ph1 Positive,Leukemia, Myeloid, Ph1-Positive,Leukemia, Myeloid, Philadelphia Positive,Leukemia, Myeloid, Philadelphia-Positive,Myelogenous Leukemia, Ph1-Positive,Myeloid Leukemia, Ph1-Positive,Myeloid Leukemia, Philadelphia-Positive,Chronic Granulocytic Leukemia,Chronic Granulocytic Leukemias,Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia,Chronic Myelocytic Leukemias,Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia,Chronic Myelogenous Leukemias,Chronic Myeloid Leukemia,Chronic Myeloid Leukemias,Granulocytic Leukemias, Chronic,Leukemia, Chronic Granulocytic,Leukemia, Chronic Myelocytic,Leukemia, Ph1-Positive Myelogenous,Leukemia, Ph1-Positive Myeloid,Leukemia, Philadelphia-Positive Myeloid,Leukemias, Chronic Granulocytic,Leukemias, Chronic Myelocytic,Leukemias, Chronic Myelogenous,Leukemias, Chronic Myeloid,Leukemias, Ph1-Positive Myelogenous,Leukemias, Ph1-Positive Myeloid,Leukemias, Philadelphia-Positive Myeloid,Myelocytic Leukemias, Chronic,Myelogenous Leukemia, Ph1 Positive,Myelogenous Leukemias, Chronic,Myelogenous Leukemias, Ph1-Positive,Myeloid Leukemia, Ph1 Positive,Myeloid Leukemia, Philadelphia Positive,Myeloid Leukemias, Chronic,Myeloid Leukemias, Ph1-Positive,Myeloid Leukemias, Philadelphia-Positive,Ph1-Positive Myelogenous Leukemia,Ph1-Positive Myelogenous Leukemias,Ph1-Positive Myeloid Leukemia,Ph1-Positive Myeloid Leukemias,Philadelphia-Positive Myeloid Leukemia,Philadelphia-Positive Myeloid Leukemias
D016044	Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl	Translation products of a fusion gene derived from CHROMOSOMAL TRANSLOCATION of C-ABL GENES to the genetic locus of the breakpoint cluster region gene on chromosome 22. Several different variants of the bcr-abl fusion proteins occur depending upon the precise location of the chromosomal breakpoint. These variants can be associated with distinct subtypes of leukemias such as PRECURSOR CELL LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA-LYMPHOMA; LEUKEMIA, MYELOGENOUS, CHRONIC, BCR-ABL POSITIVE; and NEUTROPHILIC LEUKEMIA, CHRONIC.	Oncogene Protein p190(bcr-abl),Oncogene Protein p210(bcr-abl),bcr-abl Fusion Protein,bcr-abl Fusion Proteins,Bcr-Abl Tyrosine Kinase,Oncogene Protein p185(bcr-abl),Oncogene Protein p230(bcr-abl),p185(bcr-abl) Fusion Proteins,p190(bcr-abl) Fusion Proteins,p210(bcr-abl) Fusion Proteins,p230(bcr-abl) Fusion Proteins,Bcr Abl Tyrosine Kinase,Fusion Protein, bcr-abl,Fusion Proteins, bcr abl,Kinase, Bcr-Abl Tyrosine,Protein, bcr-abl Fusion,Tyrosine Kinase, Bcr-Abl,bcr abl Fusion Protein,bcr abl Fusion Proteins
D047428	Protein Kinase Inhibitors	Agents that inhibit PROTEIN KINASES.	Protein Kinase Inhibitor,Inhibitor, Protein Kinase,Inhibitors, Protein Kinase,Kinase Inhibitor, Protein,Kinase Inhibitors, Protein