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CO2 mineralization induced by fungal nitrate assimilation. 2011

Weiguo Hou, and Bin Lian, and Xiaoqing Zhang
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China; Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.

Formation of CaCO3 induced by fungal physiological activities is a potential way to sequestrate atmospheric CO2 in ecosystem. Alternaria sp. is a saprophytic fungus isolated from a forest soil. We examined the precipitation of CaCO3 induced by the fungus in response to different levels of Ca(NO3)2 or CaCl2 in agar media, and the biogenesis of CaCO3 was verified by low δ13C value. The formed CaCO3 was identified as calcite by X-ray diffraction analysis. Square, rectangular and rhombic CaCO3 crystals and amorphous calcium carbonate were observed around mycelia at higher levels of Ca(NO3)2. Acidification occurred in media at low concentrations (0 and 0.0002 M) of Ca(NO3)2, and no CaCO3 formed in these media. The quantities of CaCO3 formed in media increased with increasing concentrations of Ca(NO3)2 and were significantly correlated to fungal biomass, pH value and nitrite concentrations. No CaCO3 was formed in media with CaCl2 at all levels. These results collectively indicated that the formation of CaCO3 can be induced by the fungal assimilation of nitrate. The study also revealed that biogenic crystal of CaCO3 tended to grow on a silicon nucleus and the amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) was the transient stage of CaCO3 crystal.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008903 Minerals Native, inorganic or fossilized organic substances having a definite chemical composition and formed by inorganic reactions. They may occur as individual crystals or may be disseminated in some other mineral or rock. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed; McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) Mineral
D009566 Nitrates Inorganic or organic salts and esters of nitric acid. These compounds contain the NO3- radical. Nitrate
D002119 Calcium Carbonate Carbonic acid calcium salt (CaCO3). An odorless, tasteless powder or crystal that occurs in nature. It is used therapeutically as a phosphate buffer in hemodialysis patients and as a calcium supplement. Aragonite,Calcite,Chalk,Limestone,Marble,Milk of Calcium,Vaterite,Calcium Milk,Carbonate, Calcium
D002122 Calcium Chloride A salt used to replenish calcium levels, as an acid-producing diuretic, and as an antidote for magnesium poisoning. Calcium Chloride Dihydrate,Calcium Chloride, Anhydrous
D002245 Carbon Dioxide A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals. Carbonic Anhydride,Anhydride, Carbonic,Dioxide, Carbon
D003460 Crystallization The formation of crystalline substances from solutions or melts. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) Crystalline Polymorphs,Polymorphism, Crystallization,Crystal Growth,Polymorphic Crystals,Crystal, Polymorphic,Crystalline Polymorph,Crystallization Polymorphism,Crystallization Polymorphisms,Crystals, Polymorphic,Growth, Crystal,Polymorph, Crystalline,Polymorphic Crystal,Polymorphisms, Crystallization,Polymorphs, Crystalline
D003470 Culture Media Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN. Media, Culture
D006863 Hydrogen-Ion Concentration The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH pH,Concentration, Hydrogen-Ion,Concentrations, Hydrogen-Ion,Hydrogen Ion Concentration,Hydrogen-Ion Concentrations
D000528 Alternaria A mitosporic Loculoascomycetes fungal genus including several plant pathogens and at least one species which produces a highly phytotoxic antibiotic. Its teleomorph is Lewia. Alternarias
D017610 Calcium Compounds Inorganic compounds that contain calcium as an integral part of the molecule. Compounds, Calcium

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