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The importance of non-human primates for preclinical testing of immunosuppressive monoclonal antibodies. 1990

M Jonker
Institute for Applied Radiobiology and Immunology ITRI-TNO, Department of Chronic and Infectious Diseases, Rijswijk, Netherlands.

Monoclonal antibodies (MAb) specific for lymphocyte markers can be considered as very specific immunomodulating drugs for treatment of allograft rejection and autoimmune diseases. Although the selection of potentially useful specificities of MAb can be made in rodents, human specific MAb can only be evaluated in man or a closely related species in which these human specific MAb are equally reactive. Because of the restricted reactivity of human specific MAb, non-human primates are the only available species for efficacy and safety studies. This article illustrates the usefulness of such studies in rhesus monkeys and chimpanzees for the testing of T cell specific MAb and other MAb interfering with the immune response in transplantation and autoimmunity.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007165 Immunosuppression Therapy Deliberate prevention or diminution of the host's immune response. It may be nonspecific as in the administration of immunosuppressive agents (drugs or radiation) or by lymphocyte depletion or may be specific as in desensitization or the simultaneous administration of antigen and immunosuppressive drugs. Antirejection Therapy,Immunosuppression,Immunosuppressive Therapy,Anti-Rejection Therapy,Therapy, Anti-Rejection,Therapy, Antirejection,Anti Rejection Therapy,Anti-Rejection Therapies,Antirejection Therapies,Immunosuppression Therapies,Immunosuppressions,Immunosuppressive Therapies,Therapies, Immunosuppression,Therapies, Immunosuppressive,Therapy, Immunosuppression,Therapy, Immunosuppressive
D011323 Primates An order of mammals consisting of more than 300 species that include LEMURS; LORISIDAE; TARSIERS; MONKEYS; and HOMINIDS. They are characterized by a relatively large brain when compared with other terrestrial mammals, forward-facing eyes, the presence of a CALCARINE SULCUS, and specialized MECHANORECEPTORS in the hands and feet which allow the perception of light touch. Primate
D004353 Drug Evaluation, Preclinical Preclinical testing of drugs in experimental animals or in vitro for their biological and toxic effects and potential clinical applications. Drug Screening,Evaluation Studies, Drug, Pre-Clinical,Drug Evaluation Studies, Preclinical,Drug Evaluations, Preclinical,Evaluation Studies, Drug, Preclinical,Evaluation, Preclinical Drug,Evaluations, Preclinical Drug,Medicinal Plants Testing, Preclinical,Preclinical Drug Evaluation,Preclinical Drug Evaluations,Drug Screenings,Screening, Drug,Screenings, Drug
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000911 Antibodies, Monoclonal Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells. Monoclonal Antibodies,Monoclonal Antibody,Antibody, Monoclonal
D000961 Antilymphocyte Serum Serum containing GAMMA-GLOBULINS which are antibodies for lymphocyte ANTIGENS. It is used both as a test for HISTOCOMPATIBILITY and therapeutically in TRANSPLANTATION. ATGAM,Antilymphoblast Globulins,Antilymphocyte Antibodies,Antilymphocyte Globulin,Lymphocytotoxic Antibodies,Anti-Thymocyte Globulin,Antilymphocyte Immunoglobulin,Antithymocyte Globulin,Antithymoglobulin,Lymphocyte Immune Globulin, Anti-Thymocyte Globulin,Lymphocyte Immune Globulin, Anti-Thymocyte Globulin (Equine),Pressimmune,Anti Thymocyte Globulin,Anti-Thymocyte Globulins,Antibodies, Antilymphocyte,Antibodies, Lymphocytotoxic,Antibody, Antilymphocyte,Antibody, Lymphocytotoxic,Antilymphoblast Globulin,Antilymphocyte Antibody,Antilymphocyte Globulins,Antilymphocyte Immunoglobulins,Antilymphocyte Serums,Antithymocyte Globulins,Antithymoglobulins,Globulin, Anti-Thymocyte,Globulin, Antilymphoblast,Globulin, Antilymphocyte,Globulin, Antithymocyte,Globulins, Anti-Thymocyte,Globulins, Antilymphoblast,Globulins, Antilymphocyte,Globulins, Antithymocyte,Immunoglobulin, Antilymphocyte,Immunoglobulins, Antilymphocyte,Lymphocyte Immune Globulin, Anti Thymocyte Globulin,Lymphocytotoxic Antibody,Serum, Antilymphocyte,Serums, Antilymphocyte
D013045 Species Specificity The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species. Species Specificities,Specificities, Species,Specificity, Species
D014181 Transplantation Immunology A general term for the complex phenomena involved in allo- and xenograft rejection by a host and graft vs host reaction. Although the reactions involved in transplantation immunology are primarily thymus-dependent phenomena of cellular immunity, humoral factors also play a part in late rejection. Immunology, Transplantation
D015551 Autoimmunity Process whereby the immune system reacts against the body's own tissues. Autoimmunity may produce or be caused by AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES. Autoimmune Response,Autoimmune Responses,Autoimmunities

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