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Inhalation carcinogenesis of N-nitrosomorpholine (NMOR) in rats and hamsters. 1990

R G Klein, and B Spiegelhalder, and R Preussmann
German Cancer Research Center, Institute of Toxicology and Chemotherapy, Heidelberg, FRG.

N-Nitrosomorpholine (NMOR) is a potent liver carcinogen in rats when administered orally. NMOR was found in the atmosphere at working places in the rubber industry in concentrations up to several hundred micrograms/m3. It can be assumed that NMOR inhalation may play a role in human carcinogenesis. Therefore an inhalation study was carried out to evaluate the carcinogenic potency of NMOR vapors in rats and hamsters. The concentration of volatile NMOR in the inhalation chamber was continuously determined with a Thermal Energy Analyzer. The rats received 29 administrations (4th/day, 5 days/week; mean inhaled daily dose: 130 micrograms/animal; total dose: 15 mg/kg bodyweight). The hamsters inhaled a total of 38 mg/kg of NMOR (21 applications, daily dose 260 micrograms/animal). In rats 4 carcinomas and 5 neoplastic nodules of the liver, 1 neuroblastoma and 1 mucoepidermoidal carcinoma of the nose, and 1 carcinoma of the thyroid gland were induced. In treated hamsters 4 carcinomas of the liver, 2 neurogenic sarcomas of the nasal region, and 5 papillomas of the trachea were found. None of these tumors were observed in control rats and control hamsters.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008647 Mesocricetus A genus in the order Rodentia and family Cricetidae. One species, Mesocricetus auratus or golden hamster is widely used in biomedical research. Hamsters, Golden,Hamsters, Golden Syrian,Hamsters, Syrian,Mesocricetus auratus,Syrian Golden Hamster,Syrian Hamster,Golden Hamster,Golden Hamster, Syrian,Golden Hamsters,Golden Syrian Hamsters,Hamster, Golden,Hamster, Syrian,Hamster, Syrian Golden,Syrian Hamsters
D009374 Neoplasms, Experimental Experimentally induced new abnormal growth of TISSUES in animals to provide models for studying human neoplasms. Experimental Neoplasms,Experimental Neoplasm,Neoplasm, Experimental
D009602 Nitrosamines A class of compounds that contain a -NH2 and a -NO radical. Many members of this group have carcinogenic and mutagenic properties. Nitrosamine
D011919 Rats, Inbred Strains Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. This also includes animals with a long history of closed colony breeding. August Rats,Inbred Rat Strains,Inbred Strain of Rat,Inbred Strain of Rats,Inbred Strains of Rats,Rat, Inbred Strain,August Rat,Inbred Rat Strain,Inbred Strain Rat,Inbred Strain Rats,Inbred Strains Rat,Inbred Strains Rats,Rat Inbred Strain,Rat Inbred Strains,Rat Strain, Inbred,Rat Strains, Inbred,Rat, August,Rat, Inbred Strains,Rats Inbred Strain,Rats Inbred Strains,Rats, August,Rats, Inbred Strain,Strain Rat, Inbred,Strain Rats, Inbred,Strain, Inbred Rat,Strains, Inbred Rat
D002273 Carcinogens Substances that increase the risk of NEOPLASMS in humans or animals. Both genotoxic chemicals, which affect DNA directly, and nongenotoxic chemicals, which induce neoplasms by other mechanism, are included. Carcinogen,Oncogen,Oncogens,Tumor Initiator,Tumor Initiators,Tumor Promoter,Tumor Promoters,Initiator, Tumor,Initiators, Tumor,Promoter, Tumor,Promoters, Tumor
D005260 Female Females
D006224 Cricetinae A subfamily in the family MURIDAE, comprising the hamsters. Four of the more common genera are Cricetus, CRICETULUS; MESOCRICETUS; and PHODOPUS. Cricetus,Hamsters,Hamster
D000280 Administration, Inhalation The administration of drugs by the respiratory route. It includes insufflation into the respiratory tract. Drug Administration, Inhalation,Drug Administration, Respiratory,Drug Aerosol Therapy,Inhalation Drug Administration,Inhalation of Drugs,Respiratory Drug Administration,Aerosol Drug Therapy,Aerosol Therapy, Drug,Drug Therapy, Aerosol,Inhalation Administration,Administration, Inhalation Drug,Administration, Respiratory Drug,Therapy, Aerosol Drug,Therapy, Drug Aerosol
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia

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