Biomaterial Database

Comparison of substrate utilization by indirect calorimetry during cyclic and continuous total parenteral nutrition. 1990

B Just, and B Messing, and D Darmaun, and M Rongier, and E Camillo

Nutrition Unit, Saint-Lazare Hospital, Paris, France.

Five male adult home patients were studied in a randomized order under continuous (24 h/d) and nocturnal cyclic (15 h/d) isocaloric, isonitrogenous total parenteral nutrition (TPN). They received 2626 +/- 265 total kcal/d as 60% dextrose and 40% lipids; the 3-h lipid infusion was followed by the dextrose amino acid infusion on both regimens. Substrate oxidation was measured by indirect calorimetry during four periods on the fourth day of each regimen. During cyclic TPN net lipogenesis occurred with a nonproteic respiratory quotient (npRQ) greater than 1 during dextrose amino acid infusion followed by net lipolysis with an npRQ less than 1 during the nonnourishing phase. In contrast, during continuous TPN net lipogenesis persisted with an npRQ greater than 1 over the 21 h of dextrose amino acid infusion. During the 3-h lipid infusion, fat oxidation was observed during both regimens but was more pronounced during cyclic TPN (p less than 0.05). As a consequence, 24-h lipid oxidation was higher and 24-h dextrose utilization lower during cyclic vs continuous TPN (p less than 0.05). These results suggest that cyclic TPN when alternating between substrate storage and oxidation, mimics the physiological pattern of oral feeding.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008055	Lipids	A generic term for fats and lipoids, the alcohol-ether-soluble constituents of protoplasm, which are insoluble in water. They comprise the fats, fatty oils, essential oils, waxes, phospholipids, glycolipids, sulfolipids, aminolipids, chromolipids (lipochromes), and fatty acids. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	Lipid
D008297	Male		Males
D010084	Oxidation-Reduction	A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p471).	Redox,Oxidation Reduction
D010101	Oxygen Consumption	The rate at which oxygen is used by a tissue; microliters of oxygen STPD used per milligram of tissue per hour; the rate at which oxygen enters the blood from alveolar gas, equal in the steady state to the consumption of oxygen by tissue metabolism throughout the body. (Stedman, 25th ed, p346)	Consumption, Oxygen,Consumptions, Oxygen,Oxygen Consumptions
D010289	Parenteral Nutrition, Total	The delivery of nutrients for assimilation and utilization by a patient whose sole source of nutrients is via solutions administered intravenously, subcutaneously, or by some other non-alimentary route. The basic components of TPN solutions are protein hydrolysates or free amino acid mixtures, monosaccharides, and electrolytes. Components are selected for their ability to reverse catabolism, promote anabolism, and build structural proteins.	Hyperalimentation, Parenteral,Intravenous Hyperalimentation,Nutrition, Total Parenteral,Parenteral Hyperalimentation,Total Parenteral Nutrition,Hyperalimentation, Intravenous
D011897	Random Allocation	A process involving chance used in therapeutic trials or other research endeavor for allocating experimental subjects, human or animal, between treatment and control groups, or among treatment groups. It may also apply to experiments on inanimate objects.	Randomization,Allocation, Random
D002153	Calorimetry, Indirect	Calculation of the energy expenditure in the form of heat production of the whole body or individual organs based on respiratory gas exchange.	Calorimetry, Respiration,Calorimetries, Indirect,Calorimetries, Respiration,Indirect Calorimetries,Indirect Calorimetry,Respiration Calorimetries,Respiration Calorimetry
D002940	Circadian Rhythm	The regular recurrence, in cycles of about 24 hours, of biological processes or activities, such as sensitivity to drugs or environmental and physiological stimuli.	Diurnal Rhythm,Nyctohemeral Rhythm,Twenty-Four Hour Rhythm,Nycthemeral Rhythm,Circadian Rhythms,Diurnal Rhythms,Nycthemeral Rhythms,Nyctohemeral Rhythms,Rhythm, Circadian,Rhythm, Diurnal,Rhythm, Nycthemeral,Rhythm, Nyctohemeral,Rhythm, Twenty-Four Hour,Rhythms, Circadian,Rhythms, Diurnal,Rhythms, Nycthemeral,Rhythms, Nyctohemeral,Rhythms, Twenty-Four Hour,Twenty Four Hour Rhythm,Twenty-Four Hour Rhythms
D004734	Energy Metabolism	The chemical reactions involved in the production and utilization of various forms of energy in cells.	Bioenergetics,Energy Expenditure,Bioenergetic,Energy Expenditures,Energy Metabolisms,Expenditure, Energy,Expenditures, Energy,Metabolism, Energy,Metabolisms, Energy
D005947	Glucose	A primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in its free state. It is used therapeutically in fluid and nutrient replacement.	Dextrose,Anhydrous Dextrose,D-Glucose,Glucose Monohydrate,Glucose, (DL)-Isomer,Glucose, (alpha-D)-Isomer,Glucose, (beta-D)-Isomer,D Glucose,Dextrose, Anhydrous,Monohydrate, Glucose