Biomaterial Database

16,16-Dimethyl prostaglandin E2 induces villus contraction in rats without affecting intestinal restitution. 1990

R A Erickson, and A Tarnawski, and G Dines, and J Stachura

Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Long Beach, California.

In a previous study we found that 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 protects the small intestine against chenodeoxycholic acid injury in the rat. One possible explanation for prostaglandin's protective action may be that prostaglandin-induced villus contraction accelerates mucosal restitution. This hypothesis was tested in rats by perfusing intestinal segments in vivo in a single-pass fashion with 0.125-0.5 micrograms/L of 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2. These studies showed a dose-dependent, reversible contraction of intestinal villi and crypts. To test the effect of this contraction on mucosal restitution, standardized intestinal injury was produced in indomethacin-pretreated rats perfused in vivo with 5 mmol/L chenodeoxycholic acid. The rats were then perfused with bile acid-free buffer containing either 0.5 microgram/mL of 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 or vehicle. This study showed that despite decreasing villus height after bile acid injury, 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 did not significantly affect the rate of morphologic (assessed by villus denudation) or functional (assessed by mannitol and water absorption) restitution of the injured intestinal mucosa. Thus, although 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 causes villus contraction, this effect does not result in more rapid restitution of the injured intestinal mucosa and is not a likely mechanism for prostaglandin-mediated protection of the intestinal mucosa.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007408	Intestinal Absorption	Uptake of substances through the lining of the INTESTINES.	Absorption, Intestinal
D007413	Intestinal Mucosa	Lining of the INTESTINES, consisting of an inner EPITHELIUM, a middle LAMINA PROPRIA, and an outer MUSCULARIS MUCOSAE. In the SMALL INTESTINE, the mucosa is characterized by a series of folds and abundance of absorptive cells (ENTEROCYTES) with MICROVILLI.	Intestinal Epithelium,Intestinal Glands,Epithelium, Intestinal,Gland, Intestinal,Glands, Intestinal,Intestinal Gland,Mucosa, Intestinal
D008297	Male		Males
D008353	Mannitol	A diuretic and renal diagnostic aid related to sorbitol. It has little significant energy value as it is largely eliminated from the body before any metabolism can take place. It can be used to treat oliguria associated with kidney failure or other manifestations of inadequate renal function and has been used for determination of glomerular filtration rate. Mannitol is also commonly used as a research tool in cell biological studies, usually to control osmolarity.	(L)-Mannitol,Osmitrol,Osmofundin
D011459	Prostaglandins E, Synthetic	Analogs or derivatives of prostaglandins E that do not occur naturally in the body. They do not include the product of the chemical synthesis of hormonal PGE.	PGE Synthetic,Prostaglandin E Analogs,Prostaglandin E Analogues,Synthetic Prostaglandins E,Analogs, Prostaglandin E,Analogues, Prostaglandin E,Synthetic, PGE
D011919	Rats, Inbred Strains	Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. This also includes animals with a long history of closed colony breeding.	August Rats,Inbred Rat Strains,Inbred Strain of Rat,Inbred Strain of Rats,Inbred Strains of Rats,Rat, Inbred Strain,August Rat,Inbred Rat Strain,Inbred Strain Rat,Inbred Strain Rats,Inbred Strains Rat,Inbred Strains Rats,Rat Inbred Strain,Rat Inbred Strains,Rat Strain, Inbred,Rat Strains, Inbred,Rat, August,Rat, Inbred Strains,Rats Inbred Strain,Rats Inbred Strains,Rats, August,Rats, Inbred Strain,Strain Rat, Inbred,Strain Rats, Inbred,Strain, Inbred Rat,Strains, Inbred Rat
D002635	Chenodeoxycholic Acid	A bile acid, usually conjugated with either glycine or taurine. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption and is reabsorbed by the small intestine. It is used as cholagogue, a choleretic laxative, and to prevent or dissolve gallstones.	Chenic Acid,Chenodeoxycholate,Chenodiol,Gallodesoxycholic Acid,Chenique Acid,Chenix,Chenofalk,Chenophalk,Henohol,Quenobilan,Quenocol,Sodium Chenodeoxycholate,Acid, Chenic,Acid, Chenique,Acid, Chenodeoxycholic,Acid, Gallodesoxycholic,Chenodeoxycholate, Sodium
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D014867	Water	A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)	Hydrogen Oxide
D015064	16,16-Dimethylprostaglandin E2	A synthetic prostaglandin E analog that protects the gastric mucosa, prevents ulceration, and promotes the healing of peptic ulcers. The protective effect is independent of acid inhibition. It is also a potent inhibitor of pancreatic function and growth of experimental tumors.	16,16-Dimethyl-PGE2,16,16 Dimethyl PGE2,16,16 Dimethylprostaglandin E2,E2, 16,16-Dimethylprostaglandin