Long-term oxygen therapy has proven increased survival rates of patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary lung disease and remains the only treatment so far to prolong life in these patients. No study has related hemodynamic measurements, lung function data, and age at beginning of long-term oxygen treatment to prognosis in these patients. In a retrospective study, we analyzed these parameters for 76 survivors and 51 deceased, starting supplemental oxygen therapy in 1981 and thereafter, concerning significant differences using the Proportional Hazards General Linear Model Procedure. A longer survival could be shown for PaP less than 30 mmHg when compared to PaP greater than 30 mmHg (p = 0.0442) and for the age less than 60 yrs compared to greater than 60 yrs (p = 0.0317). No contribution to prognosis could be made by FEV1, IVC, PaO2 and nationality. We conclude that hemodynamic measurements prior to long-term oxygen treatment are necessary since, besides age, they serve as the only indicator for prognosis in these patients.