Biomaterial Database

Structural modelling of red cell surface proteins. 2011

N M Burton, and G Daniels

Department of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. nick.burton@bristol.ac.uk

The red cell surface membranes contain a large variety of proteins, many of which express blood group activity as a result of variation in their oligosaccharide or amino acid sequences. To understand the nature of the blood group epitopes, the functions of the proteins that express them and their relationship to each other, computer modelling has been employed to provide predictions of their structures. Modelling is an excellent method of first resort when experimental structural data for the protein of interest are absent or incomplete. The model can then be used to explain previous experimental data and to direct future experiments. In this review, examples of protein modelling are taken from the Rh, RHAG, Kell, LW, Lutheran, Duffy, Dombrock and RAPH blood group systems.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008565	Membrane Proteins	Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors.	Cell Membrane Protein,Cell Membrane Proteins,Cell Surface Protein,Cell Surface Proteins,Integral Membrane Proteins,Membrane-Associated Protein,Surface Protein,Surface Proteins,Integral Membrane Protein,Membrane Protein,Membrane-Associated Proteins,Membrane Associated Protein,Membrane Associated Proteins,Membrane Protein, Cell,Membrane Protein, Integral,Membrane Proteins, Integral,Protein, Cell Membrane,Protein, Cell Surface,Protein, Integral Membrane,Protein, Membrane,Protein, Membrane-Associated,Protein, Surface,Proteins, Cell Membrane,Proteins, Cell Surface,Proteins, Integral Membrane,Proteins, Membrane,Proteins, Membrane-Associated,Proteins, Surface,Surface Protein, Cell
D008958	Models, Molecular	Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures.	Molecular Models,Model, Molecular,Molecular Model
D001789	Blood Group Antigens	Sets of cell surface antigens located on BLOOD CELLS. They are usually membrane GLYCOPROTEINS or GLYCOLIPIDS that are antigenically distinguished by their carbohydrate moieties.	Blood Group,Blood Group Antigen,Blood Groups,Antigen, Blood Group,Antigens, Blood Group,Group Antigen, Blood,Group, Blood,Groups, Blood
D001798	Blood Proteins	Proteins that are present in blood serum, including SERUM ALBUMIN; BLOOD COAGULATION FACTORS; and many other types of proteins.	Blood Protein,Plasma Protein,Plasma Proteins,Serum Protein,Serum Proteins,Protein, Blood,Protein, Plasma,Protein, Serum,Proteins, Blood,Proteins, Plasma,Proteins, Serum
D003198	Computer Simulation	Computer-based representation of physical systems and phenomena such as chemical processes.	Computational Modeling,Computational Modelling,Computer Models,In silico Modeling,In silico Models,In silico Simulation,Models, Computer,Computerized Models,Computer Model,Computer Simulations,Computerized Model,In silico Model,Model, Computer,Model, Computerized,Model, In silico,Modeling, Computational,Modeling, In silico,Modelling, Computational,Simulation, Computer,Simulation, In silico,Simulations, Computer
D004910	Erythrocyte Membrane	The semi-permeable outer structure of a red blood cell. It is known as a red cell 'ghost' after HEMOLYSIS.	Erythrocyte Ghost,Red Cell Cytoskeleton,Red Cell Ghost,Erythrocyte Cytoskeleton,Cytoskeleton, Erythrocyte,Cytoskeleton, Red Cell,Erythrocyte Cytoskeletons,Erythrocyte Ghosts,Erythrocyte Membranes,Ghost, Erythrocyte,Ghost, Red Cell,Membrane, Erythrocyte,Red Cell Cytoskeletons,Red Cell Ghosts
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D016415	Sequence Alignment	The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.	Sequence Homology Determination,Determination, Sequence Homology,Alignment, Sequence,Alignments, Sequence,Determinations, Sequence Homology,Sequence Alignments,Sequence Homology Determinations
D040681	Structural Homology, Protein	The degree of 3-dimensional shape similarity between proteins. It can be an indication of distant AMINO ACID SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY and used for rational DRUG DESIGN.	Protein Structural Homology,3-D Homologs, Protein,3-D Homology, Protein,3-Dimensional Homologs, Protein,3-Dimensional Homology, Protein,Homologs, 3-D, Protein,Homologs, 3-Dimensional, Protein,Homologs, Sturctural, Protein,Protein Structural Homologs,Structural Homologs, Protein,3 D Homologs, Protein,3 D Homology, Protein,3 Dimensional Homologs, Protein,3 Dimensional Homology, Protein,3-D Homolog, Protein,3-D Homologies, Protein,3-Dimensional Homolog, Protein,3-Dimensional Homologies, Protein,Homolog, Protein 3-D,Homolog, Protein 3-Dimensional,Homolog, Protein Structural,Homologies, Protein 3-D,Homologies, Protein 3-Dimensional,Homologies, Protein Structural,Homologs, Protein 3-D,Homologs, Protein 3-Dimensional,Homologs, Protein Structural,Homology, Protein 3-D,Homology, Protein 3-Dimensional,Homology, Protein Structural,Protein 3-D Homolog,Protein 3-D Homologies,Protein 3-D Homologs,Protein 3-D Homology,Protein 3-Dimensional Homolog,Protein 3-Dimensional Homologies,Protein 3-Dimensional Homologs,Protein 3-Dimensional Homology,Protein Structural Homolog,Protein Structural Homologies,Structural Homolog, Protein,Structural Homologies, Protein