Biomaterial Database

The mitochondrial permeability transition pore and the cardiac necrotic program. 2011

Christopher P Baines

Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri-Columbia, 134 Research Park Drive, Columbia, MO 65211, USA. bainesc@missouri.edu

That apoptosis is mediated by specific pathways has long been established. However, more recent data have begun to suggest that necrosis may in fact be "programmed" and not a default "accidental" pathway as previously thought. The mitochondrial permeability transition pore, a known contributor to the development of many cardiac diseases, is emerging as one among several mediators of this necrotic program. Consequently, this report briefly reviews the roles of necrosis versus apoptosis in the pathogenesis of cardiac disease and discusses the role that the mitochondrial pore plays in cardiac necrotic cell death.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009336	Necrosis	The death of cells in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury or failure of the blood supply.
D006331	Heart Diseases	Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities.	Cardiac Disorders,Heart Disorders,Cardiac Diseases,Cardiac Disease,Cardiac Disorder,Heart Disease,Heart Disorder
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000083162	Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore	A multiprotein inner mitochondrial complex which opens only under certain pathological conditions (e.g., OXIDATIVE STRESS) uncoupling the membrane leading to APOPTOSIS and MITOCHONDRIAL TRANSMEMBRANE PERMEABILITY-DRIVEN NECROSIS particularly in CARDIOMYOCYTES during MYOCARDIAL REPERFUSION INJURY.	Mitochondrial Megachannel,Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore (mPTP),mPTP Protein
D001343	Autophagy	The segregation and degradation of various cytoplasmic constituents via engulfment by MULTIVESICULAR BODIES; VACUOLES; or AUTOPHAGOSOMES and their digestion by LYSOSOMES. It plays an important role in BIOLOGICAL METAMORPHOSIS and in the removal of bone by OSTEOCLASTS. Defective autophagy is associated with various diseases, including NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES and cancer.	Autophagocytosis,ER-Phagy,Lipophagy,Nucleophagy,Reticulophagy,Ribophagy,Autophagy, Cellular,Cellular Autophagy,ER Phagy
D015398	Signal Transduction	The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.	Cell Signaling,Receptor-Mediated Signal Transduction,Signal Pathways,Receptor Mediated Signal Transduction,Signal Transduction Pathways,Signal Transduction Systems,Pathway, Signal,Pathway, Signal Transduction,Pathways, Signal,Pathways, Signal Transduction,Receptor-Mediated Signal Transductions,Signal Pathway,Signal Transduction Pathway,Signal Transduction System,Signal Transduction, Receptor-Mediated,Signal Transductions,Signal Transductions, Receptor-Mediated,System, Signal Transduction,Systems, Signal Transduction,Transduction, Signal,Transductions, Signal
D017209	Apoptosis	A regulated cell death mechanism characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, including the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA, at regularly spaced, internucleosomal sites, i.e., DNA FRAGMENTATION. It is genetically programmed and serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth.	Apoptosis, Extrinsic Pathway,Apoptosis, Intrinsic Pathway,Caspase-Dependent Apoptosis,Classic Apoptosis,Classical Apoptosis,Programmed Cell Death,Programmed Cell Death, Type I,Apoptoses, Extrinsic Pathway,Apoptoses, Intrinsic Pathway,Apoptosis, Caspase-Dependent,Apoptosis, Classic,Apoptosis, Classical,Caspase Dependent Apoptosis,Cell Death, Programmed,Classic Apoptoses,Extrinsic Pathway Apoptoses,Extrinsic Pathway Apoptosis,Intrinsic Pathway Apoptoses,Intrinsic Pathway Apoptosis
D033681	Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins	Proteins involved in the transport of specific substances across the membranes of the MITOCHONDRIA.	Membrane Transport Proteins, Mitochondrial,Mitochondrial Carrier Proteins,Mitochondrial Carriers,Mitochondrial Transport Proteins,Carrier Proteins, Mitochondrial,Transport Proteins, Mitochondrial