Biomaterial Database

Indirect calorimetry methods for determination of energy expenditure. 1990

E Dárdai

2nd Department of Surgery, Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest, Hungary.

Brief history and development of calorimetric methods for the determination of energy expenditure are discussed. The author demonstrates the measuring principles of direct and indirect calorimetry. In two clinical studies the practical use of closed and open technique of indirect calorimetric measurements are presented. In 10 operated patients under isoflurane-nitrous oxide anaesthesia in closed breathing circuit dose related decrease of oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production was found. The indirect calorimetry showed higher mean energy expenditure (+14%) than was calculated by the Brody-Kleiber formula. These values indicate that the metabolic response due to surgical stress exceeds the metabolism decreasing effect of anaesthesia. The modalities of exact determination of energy expenditure of septic patients under respiratory treatment are discussed. Data of modified Harris-Benedict equation adapted to clinical conditions and of continuous indirect calorimetric measurement of energy expenditure were compared in 25 septic patients. The measured and the calculated mean values showed good correlation (r = 0.82). The modified Harris-Benedict equation may be properly used in clinical practice, when indirect calorimetric measuring instrument is unavailable.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D010101	Oxygen Consumption	The rate at which oxygen is used by a tissue; microliters of oxygen STPD used per milligram of tissue per hour; the rate at which oxygen enters the blood from alveolar gas, equal in the steady state to the consumption of oxygen by tissue metabolism throughout the body. (Stedman, 25th ed, p346)	Consumption, Oxygen,Consumptions, Oxygen,Oxygen Consumptions
D012119	Respiration	The act of breathing with the LUNGS, consisting of INHALATION, or the taking into the lungs of the ambient air, and of EXHALATION, or the expelling of the modified air which contains more CARBON DIOXIDE than the air taken in (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary, 4th ed.). This does not include tissue respiration (	Breathing
D002153	Calorimetry, Indirect	Calculation of the energy expenditure in the form of heat production of the whole body or individual organs based on respiratory gas exchange.	Calorimetry, Respiration,Calorimetries, Indirect,Calorimetries, Respiration,Indirect Calorimetries,Indirect Calorimetry,Respiration Calorimetries,Respiration Calorimetry
D002245	Carbon Dioxide	A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals.	Carbonic Anhydride,Anhydride, Carbonic,Dioxide, Carbon
D004734	Energy Metabolism	The chemical reactions involved in the production and utilization of various forms of energy in cells.	Bioenergetics,Energy Expenditure,Bioenergetic,Energy Expenditures,Energy Metabolisms,Expenditure, Energy,Expenditures, Energy,Metabolism, Energy,Metabolisms, Energy
D005260	Female		Females
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man