The clinical use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (such as sodium salicylate (NaSA)) for the treatment of chronic arthritis is limited due to the adverse effects and patient non-compliance. In order to solve these problems, anion exchange hollow fiber membranes (AEHFMs) are proposed for the first time here as potential drug carriers. Brominated poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (BPPO) is used as the starting membrane material. In-situ sol-gel process of γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane (γ-MPS) in BPPO matrix is operated so as to enhance the membranes' thermal and dimensional stability. The performances of the membranes in controlled release of the drug (NaSA as the model drug) are improved accordingly. Loading and release experiments illustrate that the hybrid AEHFM can bind salicylate (SA⁻) at a high loading efficiency (28.4%), and the retention of the drug on the membrane matrix is significantly prolonged (drug released in 7 days under physiological condition: 51.9%, neglecting the drug bound by protein). Meanwhile, the membrane is biocompatible and can support the adherence, growth, and survival of human cells. Overall, the prepared AEHFM is a promising scaffolding material for drug delivery and tissue engineering.