Spontaneous coronary artery dissection: case series with extended follow up. 2011

Pranav Kansara, and Susan Graham
Department of Internal Medicine, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14221, USA. pkansara@buffalo.edu

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is atherosclerotic or non-atherosclerotic in origin. Eosinophilic infiltrate is identified in coronary artery adventitia in non-atherosclerotic SCAD. We postulate that a systemic inflammatory state causes SCAD in younger women who do not have significant coronary artery disease risk factors. We report a case series of 13 patients presenting with SCAD from ages 26-48 with follow up from 1 month to 13 years. Most patients did not have conventional risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD). Approximately 50% of the patients developed recurrent dissection within the first 2 weeks of an index event, but < 25% were symptomatic during follow up. All patients were alive at follow up. Systemic inflammatory state was observed in 80% of patients who developed early recurrent dissection. SCAD should be strongly suspected in younger women presenting with acute coronary syndrome without CAD risk factors. Coronary dissection may recur within first 2 weeks, but patients have good long-term survival without new episodes of dissection. Broad rheumatologic and connective tissue disease work-up should be considered in young females presenting with SCAD.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D011379 Prognosis A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations. Prognostic Factor,Prognostic Factors,Factor, Prognostic,Factors, Prognostic,Prognoses
D003240 Connective Tissue Diseases A heterogeneous group of disorders, some hereditary, others acquired, characterized by abnormal structure or function of one or more of the elements of connective tissue, i.e., collagen, elastin, or the mucopolysaccharides. Connective Tissue Disease,Disease, Connective Tissue,Diseases, Connective Tissue
D003323 Coronary Aneurysm Abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the wall of CORONARY VESSELS. Most coronary aneurysms are due to CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS, and the rest are due to inflammatory diseases, such as KAWASAKI DISEASE. Aneurysm, Coronary,Aneurysms, Coronary,Coronary Aneurysms
D003324 Coronary Artery Disease Pathological processes of CORONARY ARTERIES that may derive from a congenital abnormality, atherosclerotic, or non-atherosclerotic cause. Arteriosclerosis, Coronary,Atherosclerosis, Coronary,Coronary Arteriosclerosis,Coronary Atherosclerosis,Left Main Coronary Artery Disease,Left Main Coronary Disease,Left Main Disease,Arterioscleroses, Coronary,Artery Disease, Coronary,Artery Diseases, Coronary,Atheroscleroses, Coronary,Coronary Arterioscleroses,Coronary Artery Diseases,Coronary Atheroscleroses,Left Main Diseases
D005260 Female Females
D005500 Follow-Up Studies Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease. Followup Studies,Follow Up Studies,Follow-Up Study,Followup Study,Studies, Follow-Up,Studies, Followup,Study, Follow-Up,Study, Followup
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults

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