[Morphological study of open bite. Skeletal Class I and Class II open bite]. 1990

S Tanaka
Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan.

The purpose of this study was to quantify the morphological features of class I and II openbite. The subjects were 151 female patients, over 7 years old, and as a control group, 180 female cases of normal overbite. The subjects were classified into 6 subgroups by ANB angles and ages as follows: 1. Class I A group (7 y less than or equal to age les than 10 y): openbite (30 cases), control (34 cases) 2. Class I B group (10 y less than or equal to age less than 15 y): openbite (23 cases), control (31 cases) 3. Class I C group (15 y less than or equal to age): openbite (20 cases), control (23 cases) 4. Class II A group (7 y less than or equal to age less than 10 y): openbite (38 cases), control (45 cases) 5. Class II B group (10 y less than or equal to age less than 15 y): openbite (20 cases), control (26 cases) 6. Class II C group (15 y less than or equal to age): openbite (20 cases), control (21 cases) The following results were obtained: 1. The combined features of class I and II openbite groups in all the 6 groups were an especially large anterior facial height and remarkable downward of lower occl. pl. angle. Mand. pl. angle was large, and the lower part of the face was tapered. 2. The primary factors of openbite were not only over-eruption of the upper molars but also vertical excess of the mandible with a large alveolar bone. 3. The clearest differences between classes I and II openbite were the mand. pl. and lower occl. pl. angles. The class I openbite groups had a large gonial angle, depending on the subgroup. On the other hand, the class II openbite groups exhibited backward and downward shifting of the mandible depending on the subgroup. 4. In the lower age groups (7 y less than or equal to age less than 10 y) both class I and class II openbite already had denture and alveolar factors, as well as skeletal problems. In the class II openbite, especially in adult cases there were unusual morphological problems both in antero-posterior and vertical relations. 5. Contrary to most reports, the nasal floor did not show an upward cant. In the adult class II openbite even a downward cant, resulting from the backward and downward shifting of the mandible was observed.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008310 Malocclusion Such malposition and contact of the maxillary and mandibular teeth as to interfere with the highest efficiency during the excursive movements of the jaw that are essential for mastication. (Jablonski, Illustrated Dictionary of Dentistry, 1982) Angle's Classification,Crossbite,Tooth Crowding,Cross Bite,Angle Classification,Angles Classification,Bite, Cross,Bites, Cross,Classification, Angle's,Cross Bites,Crossbites,Crowding, Tooth,Crowdings, Tooth,Malocclusions
D008311 Malocclusion, Angle Class I Malocclusion in which the mandible and maxilla are anteroposteriorly normal as reflected by the relationship of the first permanent molar (i.e., in neutroclusion), but in which individual teeth are abnormally related to each other. Angle Class I,Class I, Angle
D008312 Malocclusion, Angle Class II Malocclusion in which the mandible is posterior to the maxilla as reflected by the relationship of the first permanent molar (distoclusion). Angle Class II,Angle Class II, Division 1,Angle Class II, Division 2,Class II Malocclusion, Division 1,Class II Malocclusion, Division 2,Malocclusion, Angle Class II, Division 1,Malocclusion, Angle Class II, Division 2,Class II, Angle
D002508 Cephalometry The measurement of the dimensions of the HEAD. Craniometry
D002648 Child A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL. Children
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000293 Adolescent A person 13 to 18 years of age. Adolescence,Youth,Adolescents,Adolescents, Female,Adolescents, Male,Teenagers,Teens,Adolescent, Female,Adolescent, Male,Female Adolescent,Female Adolescents,Male Adolescent,Male Adolescents,Teen,Teenager,Youths
D014716 Vertical Dimension The length of the face determined by the distance of separation of jaws. Occlusal vertical dimension (OVD or VDO) or contact vertical dimension is the lower face height with the teeth in centric occlusion. Rest vertical dimension (VDR) is the lower face height measured from a chin point to a point just below the nose, with the mandible in rest position. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p250) Mandibular Rest Position,Rest Vertical Dimension,Vertical Dimension at Rest,Vertical Dimension of Occlusion,Dimension, Rest Vertical,Dimension, Vertical,Dimensions, Rest Vertical,Dimensions, Vertical,Mandibular Rest Positions,Occlusion Vertical Dimension,Occlusion Vertical Dimensions,Position, Mandibular Rest,Positions, Mandibular Rest,Rest Position, Mandibular,Rest Positions, Mandibular,Rest Vertical Dimensions,Vertical Dimension, Rest,Vertical Dimensions,Vertical Dimensions, Rest

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