Photochemical processing of aldrin and dieldrin in frozen aqueous solutions under arctic field conditions. 2011

Glenn A Rowland, and Alexandra R Bausch, and Amanda M Grannas
Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, PA 19085, USA.

Organochlorine (OC) contaminants are transported to the Polar Regions, where they have the potential to bioaccumulate, presenting a threat to the health of wildlife and indigenous communities. They deposit onto snowpack during winter, and accumulate until spring, when they experience prolonged solar irradiation until snowmelt occurs. Photochemical degradation rates for aldrin and dieldrin, in frozen aqueous solution made from MilliQ water, 500 μM hydrogen peroxide solution or locally-collected melted snow were measured in a field campaign near Barrow, AK, during spring-summer 2008. Significant photoprocessing of both pesticides occurs; the reactions depend on temperature, depth within the snowpack and whether the predominant phase is ice or liquid water. The effect of species present in natural snowpack is comparable to 500 μM hydrogen peroxide, pointing to the potential significance of snowpack-mediated reactions. Aldrin samples frozen at near 0 °C were more reactive than comparable liquid samples, implying that the microenvironments experienced on frozen ice surfaces are an important consideration.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D010782 Photolysis Chemical bond cleavage reactions resulting from absorption of radiant energy. Photodegradation
D004026 Dieldrin An organochlorine insecticide whose use has been cancelled or suspended in the United States. It has been used to control locusts, tropical disease vectors, in termite control by direct soil injection, and non-food seed and plant treatment. (From HSDB) Alvit-55,Alvit 55,Alvit55
D004785 Environmental Pollutants Substances or energies, for example heat or light, which when introduced into the air, water, or land threaten life or health of individuals or ECOSYSTEMS. Environmental Pollutant,Pollutant,Pollutants,Pollutants, Environmental,Pollutant, Environmental
D005615 Freezing Liquids transforming into solids by the removal of heat. Melting
D000452 Aldrin A highly poisonous substance that was formerly used as an insecticide. The manufacture and use has been discontinued in the U.S. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) Isodrin
D001110 Arctic Regions The Arctic Ocean and the lands in it and adjacent to it. It includes Point Barrow, Alaska, most of the Franklin District in Canada, two thirds of Greenland, Svalbard, Franz Josef Land, Lapland, Novaya Zemlya, and Northern Siberia. (Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p66)
D012914 Snow Frozen water crystals that fall from the ATMOSPHERE. Blizzard,Blizzards,Snows
D013472 Sunlight Irradiation directly from the sun. Sunshine

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