The fundamental guidelines for the complex development of rural health services are suggested: enhancing the capacity of multidisciplinary central regional hospitals, development of district hospitals, rural medical ambulatories, feldsher-midwifery units, emergency care services; the installation of appointments for family and workshop physicians, the provision of favourable terms for physicians working in rural areas, the introduction of radical economic reform into the system of public health. All this would promote the successful realization of new agrarian policy of CPSU.