Biomaterial Database

Vis-à-vis in the NKC: genetically linked natural killer cell receptor/ligand pairs in the natural killer gene complex (NKC). 2011

Isabel Vogler, and Alexander Steinle

Institute for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

The natural killer gene complex (NKC) encodes several dozens of C-type lectin-like receptors that, in various ways, tune the reactivity of NK cells and other cytotoxic lymphocytes depending on the cellular environment. Among these are C-type lectin-like receptors such as NKG2D, CD94/NKG2A and the murine Ly49 receptors that bind to cell surface glycoproteins of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I family and thereby facilitate detection of stressed cells or cells exhibiting aberrant MHC class I expression. In contrast, NKRP1 receptors including the prototypic NK1.1 do not engage ligands with an MHC class-I-like fold, but rather interact with the likewise C-type lectin-like CLEC2 glycoproteins. Notably, CLEC2 and NKRP1 molecules not only share the same fold, but are also genetically linked in the NKC. Recent research efforts began to systematically elucidate the expression and function of the numerous NKRP1 and CLEC2 family members in rodents and revealed previously unnoticed corresponding receptor/ligand pairs in humans. Here, we provide a snapshot of the current knowledge on receptors of the NKRP1 family and their genetically linked CLEC2 ligands in mouse and man.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007113	Immunity, Innate	The capacity of a normal organism to remain unaffected by microorganisms and their toxins. It results from the presence of naturally occurring ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS, constitutional factors such as BODY TEMPERATURE and immediate acting immune cells such as NATURAL KILLER CELLS.	Immunity, Native,Immunity, Natural,Immunity, Non-Specific,Resistance, Natural,Innate Immune Response,Innate Immunity,Immune Response, Innate,Immune Responses, Innate,Immunity, Non Specific,Innate Immune Responses,Native Immunity,Natural Immunity,Natural Resistance,Non-Specific Immunity
D007694	Killer Cells, Natural	Bone marrow-derived lymphocytes that possess cytotoxic properties, classically directed against transformed and virus-infected cells. Unlike T CELLS; and B CELLS; NK CELLS are not antigen specific. The cytotoxicity of natural killer cells is determined by the collective signaling of an array of inhibitory and stimulatory CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS. A subset of T-LYMPHOCYTES referred to as NATURAL KILLER T CELLS shares some of the properties of this cell type.	NK Cells,Natural Killer Cells,Cell, NK,Cell, Natural Killer,Cells, NK,Cells, Natural Killer,Killer Cell, Natural,NK Cell,Natural Killer Cell
D008024	Ligands	A molecule that binds to another molecule, used especially to refer to a small molecule that binds specifically to a larger molecule, e.g., an antigen binding to an antibody, a hormone or neurotransmitter binding to a receptor, or a substrate or allosteric effector binding to an enzyme. Ligands are also molecules that donate or accept a pair of electrons to form a coordinate covalent bond with the central metal atom of a coordination complex. (From Dorland, 27th ed)	Ligand
D008040	Genetic Linkage	The co-inheritance of two or more non-allelic GENES due to their being located more or less closely on the same CHROMOSOME.	Genetic Linkage Analysis,Linkage, Genetic,Analyses, Genetic Linkage,Analysis, Genetic Linkage,Genetic Linkage Analyses,Linkage Analyses, Genetic,Linkage Analysis, Genetic
D008562	Membrane Glycoproteins	Glycoproteins found on the membrane or surface of cells.	Cell Surface Glycoproteins,Surface Glycoproteins,Cell Surface Glycoprotein,Membrane Glycoprotein,Surface Glycoprotein,Glycoprotein, Cell Surface,Glycoprotein, Membrane,Glycoprotein, Surface,Glycoproteins, Cell Surface,Glycoproteins, Membrane,Glycoproteins, Surface,Surface Glycoprotein, Cell,Surface Glycoproteins, Cell
D009928	Organ Specificity	Characteristic restricted to a particular organ of the body, such as a cell type, metabolic response or expression of a particular protein or antigen.	Tissue Specificity,Organ Specificities,Specificities, Organ,Specificities, Tissue,Specificity, Organ,Specificity, Tissue,Tissue Specificities
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D051379	Mice	The common name for the genus Mus.	Mice, House,Mus,Mus musculus,Mice, Laboratory,Mouse,Mouse, House,Mouse, Laboratory,Mouse, Swiss,Mus domesticus,Mus musculus domesticus,Swiss Mice,House Mice,House Mouse,Laboratory Mice,Laboratory Mouse,Mice, Swiss,Swiss Mouse,domesticus, Mus musculus
D053263	Gene Regulatory Networks	Interacting DNA-encoded regulatory subsystems in the GENOME that coordinate input from activator and repressor TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS during development, cell differentiation, or in response to environmental cues. The networks function to ultimately specify expression of particular sets of GENES for specific conditions, times, or locations.	Gene Circuits,Gene Modules,Gene Networks,Transcriptional Networks,Gene Module,Circuit, Gene,Circuits, Gene,Gene Circuit,Gene Network,Gene Regulatory Network,Module, Gene,Modules, Gene,Network, Gene,Network, Gene Regulatory,Network, Transcriptional,Networks, Gene,Networks, Gene Regulatory,Networks, Transcriptional,Regulatory Network, Gene,Regulatory Networks, Gene,Transcriptional Network