Human connexin30.2/31.3 (GJC3) does not form functional gap junction channels but causes enhanced ATP release in HeLa cells. 2011

Wei-Guang Liang, and Ching-Chyuan Su, and Jhih-Hao Nian, and Ann-Shyn Chiang, and Shuan-Yow Li, and Jiann-Jou Yang
Department of BioMedical Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.

Gap junctional intercellular communication has numerous functions, each of which meets the particular needs of organs, tissues, or groups of cells. Connexins (CXs) are homologous four-transmembrane-domain proteins that are the major components of gap junctions. CX30.2/CX31.3 (GJC3) is a relatively new member of the CX protein family. Until now, however, the functional characteristics of CX30.2/CX31.3 have been unclear. To elucidate the properties of CX30.2/CX31.3 channels, their subcellular localization in HeLa cells, their effectiveness in dye transfer, and function on channels were investigated. In the immunofluorescent assay, cells that express CX30.2/CX31.3-GFP exhibited continuous fluorescence along the apposed cell membranes, rather than punctated fluorescence in contacting membranes between two cells. Surprisingly, dyes that can be capable of being permeated by CX26 GJ, according to a scrape loading dye transfer assay in previous studies, are impermeated by CX30.2/CX31.3 GJ, suggesting a difference between the characteristics of CX30.2/CX31.3 GJ and CX26 GJ. Furthermore, a significant amount of ATP was released from the HeLa cells that stably expressed CX30.2/CX31.3, in a medium with low calcium ion concentration, suggesting a hemichannel-based function for CX30.2/CX31.3. Based on these findings, we suggest that CX30.2/CX31.3 shares functional properties with pannexin (hemi) channels rather than gap junction channels of other CXs.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D009419 Nerve Tissue Proteins Proteins, Nerve Tissue,Tissue Proteins, Nerve
D011993 Recombinant Fusion Proteins Recombinant proteins produced by the GENETIC TRANSLATION of fused genes formed by the combination of NUCLEIC ACID REGULATORY SEQUENCES of one or more genes with the protein coding sequences of one or more genes. Fusion Proteins, Recombinant,Recombinant Chimeric Protein,Recombinant Fusion Protein,Recombinant Hybrid Protein,Chimeric Proteins, Recombinant,Hybrid Proteins, Recombinant,Recombinant Chimeric Proteins,Recombinant Hybrid Proteins,Chimeric Protein, Recombinant,Fusion Protein, Recombinant,Hybrid Protein, Recombinant,Protein, Recombinant Chimeric,Protein, Recombinant Fusion,Protein, Recombinant Hybrid,Proteins, Recombinant Chimeric,Proteins, Recombinant Fusion,Proteins, Recombinant Hybrid
D005456 Fluorescent Dyes Chemicals that emit light after excitation by light. The wave length of the emitted light is usually longer than that of the incident light. Fluorochromes are substances that cause fluorescence in other substances, i.e., dyes used to mark or label other compounds with fluorescent tags. Flourescent Agent,Fluorescent Dye,Fluorescent Probe,Fluorescent Probes,Fluorochrome,Fluorochromes,Fluorogenic Substrates,Fluorescence Agents,Fluorescent Agents,Fluorogenic Substrate,Agents, Fluorescence,Agents, Fluorescent,Dyes, Fluorescent,Probes, Fluorescent,Substrates, Fluorogenic
D006367 HeLa Cells The first continuously cultured human malignant CELL LINE, derived from the cervical carcinoma of Henrietta Lacks. These cells are used for, among other things, VIRUS CULTIVATION and PRECLINICAL DRUG EVALUATION assays. Cell, HeLa,Cells, HeLa,HeLa Cell
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000072259 Connexin 26 A gap junction protein encoded by the Gap Junction Beta 2 or GJB2 gene. In the cochlea and epidermis, its hexamers form channels between cells that open to allow cell-to-cell diffusion of small molecules as well as recycling of potassium. Mutations in Connexin 26 are associated with congenital SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS. Connexin Cx26,Connexin beta-2,Gap Junction beta-2 protein,beta2 Connexin,26, Connexin,Connexin beta 2,Connexin, beta2,Cx26, Connexin,Gap Junction beta 2 protein,beta-2, Connexin
D000255 Adenosine Triphosphate An adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter. ATP,Adenosine Triphosphate, Calcium Salt,Adenosine Triphosphate, Chromium Salt,Adenosine Triphosphate, Magnesium Salt,Adenosine Triphosphate, Manganese Salt,Adenylpyrophosphate,CaATP,CrATP,Manganese Adenosine Triphosphate,MgATP,MnATP,ATP-MgCl2,Adenosine Triphosphate, Chromium Ammonium Salt,Adenosine Triphosphate, Magnesium Chloride,Atriphos,Chromium Adenosine Triphosphate,Cr(H2O)4 ATP,Magnesium Adenosine Triphosphate,Striadyne,ATP MgCl2
D017629 Gap Junctions Connections between cells which allow passage of small molecules and electric current. Gap junctions were first described anatomically as regions of close apposition between cells with a narrow (1-2 nm) gap between cell membranes. The variety in the properties of gap junctions is reflected in the number of CONNEXINS, the family of proteins which form the junctions. Gap Junction,Junction, Gap,Junctions, Gap
D017630 Connexins A group of homologous proteins which form the intermembrane channels of GAP JUNCTIONS. The connexins are the products of an identified gene family which has both highly conserved and highly divergent regions. The variety contributes to the wide range of functional properties of gap junctions. Connexin,Connexin Complex Proteins,Gap Junction Proteins,Gap Junction Channel Proteins,Gap Junction Protein,Junction Protein, Gap,Junction Proteins, Gap
D049452 Green Fluorescent Proteins Protein analogs and derivatives of the Aequorea victoria green fluorescent protein that emit light (FLUORESCENCE) when excited with ULTRAVIOLET RAYS. They are used in REPORTER GENES in doing GENETIC TECHNIQUES. Numerous mutants have been made to emit other colors or be sensitive to pH. Green Fluorescent Protein,Green-Fluorescent Protein,Green-Fluorescent Proteins,Fluorescent Protein, Green,Fluorescent Proteins, Green,Protein, Green Fluorescent,Protein, Green-Fluorescent,Proteins, Green Fluorescent,Proteins, Green-Fluorescent

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