Biomaterial Database

Biocompatibility of clinically applied hydroxylapatite ceramic. 1990

C A van Blitterswijk, and J J Grote

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Leiden, The Netherlands.

The biocompatibility of 11 porous canal wall prostheses and 4 dense incus prostheses, both types made of hydroxylapatite, was studied by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and x-ray microanalysis. The duration of implantation varied between 4 and 40 months, and the 15 retrieved implants constitute 4% of the 375 clinically applied hydroxylapatite prostheses involved in this study. With respect to integration characteristics, coverage by epithelium and fibrous tissue, and biodegradation, the performance of clinically applied hydroxylapatite generally resembled that seen in animal experiments. However, the reactions during chronic infection in the human ear were more severe than those in experimentally induced acute infections in the rat middle ear. One of the canal wall prostheses showed trace element accumulation in the cytoplasm of phagocytes.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007188	Incus	One of three ossicles of the middle ear. It conducts sound vibrations from the MALLEUS to the STAPES.
D008854	Microscopy, Electron	Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.	Electron Microscopy
D009998	Ossicular Prosthesis	An implant used to replace one or more of the ear ossicles. They are usually made of plastic, Gelfoam, ceramic, or stainless steel.	Implant, Middle Ear,Middle Ear Implant,Ossicular Replacement Prosthesis,PORP,TORP,Implant, Ossicular Replacement,Ossicular Replacement Implant,Ossicular Replacement Prostheses,Prostheses, Ossicular Replacement,Prosthesis, Ossicular Replacement,Replacement Implant, Ossicular,Replacement Prostheses, Ossicular,Replacement Prosthesis, Ossicular,Ear Implant, Middle,Ear Implants, Middle,Implants, Middle Ear,Implants, Ossicular Replacement,Middle Ear Implants,Ossicular Prostheses,Ossicular Replacement Implants,Ossicular Replacement Prosthese,Prostheses, Ossicular,Prosthesis, Ossicular,Replacement Implants, Ossicular
D010035	Otitis Media, Suppurative	Inflammation of the middle ear with purulent discharge.	Otitis Media, Purulent,Purulent Otitis Media,Suppurative Otitis Media
D011475	Prosthesis Failure	Malfunction of implantation shunts, valves, etc., and prosthesis loosening, migration, and breaking.	Prosthesis Loosening,Prosthesis Durability,Prosthesis Migration,Prosthesis Survival,Durabilities, Prosthesis,Durability, Prosthesis,Failure, Prosthesis,Failures, Prosthesis,Loosening, Prosthesis,Loosenings, Prosthesis,Migration, Prosthesis,Migrations, Prosthesis,Prosthesis Durabilities,Prosthesis Failures,Prosthesis Loosenings,Prosthesis Migrations,Prosthesis Survivals,Survival, Prosthesis,Survivals, Prosthesis
D002516	Ceramics	Products made by baking or firing nonmetallic minerals (clay and similar materials). In making dental restorations or parts of restorations the material is fused porcelain. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed & Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed)	Ceramic
D002781	Cholesteatoma	A non-neoplastic mass of keratin-producing squamous EPITHELIUM, frequently occurring in the MENINGES; bones of the skull, and most commonly in the MIDDLE EAR and MASTOID region. Cholesteatoma can be congenital or acquired. Cholesteatoma is not a tumor nor is it associated with high CHOLESTEROL.	Cholesteatomas
D002908	Chronic Disease	Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed). For epidemiological studies chronic disease often includes HEART DISEASES; STROKE; CANCER; and diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2).	Chronic Condition,Chronic Illness,Chronically Ill,Chronic Conditions,Chronic Diseases,Chronic Illnesses,Condition, Chronic,Disease, Chronic,Illness, Chronic
D003238	Connective Tissue	Tissue that supports and binds other tissues. It consists of CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS embedded in a large amount of EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX.	Connective Tissues,Tissue, Connective,Tissues, Connective
D004424	Ear Canal	The narrow passage way that conducts the sound collected by the EAR AURICLE to the TYMPANIC MEMBRANE.	Auditory Canal, External,External Acoustic Canal,External Acoustic Meatus,External Auditory Canal,External Ear Canal,Acoustic Canal, External,Acoustic Canals, External,Acoustic Meatus, External,Auditory Canals, External,Canal, Ear,Canal, External Ear,Canals, Ear,Canals, External Ear,Ear Canal, External,Ear Canals,Ear Canals, External,External Acoustic Canals,External Auditory Canals,External Ear Canals