In this study, evaluation was made of the longterm outcome of 3-day intravesical instillation as adjuvant treatment immediately after transurethral resection of superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Antitumor solution was instilled intravesically for 3 consecutive days following TUR of the primary lesion in 71 patients. All patients were randomly divided into three treatment groups. Mean intervals to the first recurrence for BLM (50.2 months) was statistically significant compared with the MMC (18.1 months) group (p=0.0485). Disease-free survival as determined by the Kaplan-Meier method in MMC, DOX and BLM was 55.0%, 60.4% and 76.2% at 2 years and 45.3%, 41.2% and 40.7% at 10 years, respectively. Postoperative 3-day intravesical instillation was found safe and may be useful for prophylaxis of bladder cancer recurrence.