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Activation of tuberoinfundibular but not tuberohypophysial dopaminergic neurons following intracerebroventricular administration of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone. 1990

S E Lindley, and K J Lookingland, and K E Moore
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing.

The effect of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha MSH) on the activity of different central dopaminergic neurons in the male rat was determined by measuring the concentration of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and the accumulation of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) following the administration of a decarboxylase inhibitor in brain regions that contain terminals of nigrostriatal (striatum), mesolimbic (nucleus accumbens), tuberoinfundibular (median eminence) and tuberohypophysial (neural and intermediate lobe of the pituitary) dopaminergic neurons. Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of alpha MSH caused a prompt (within 30 min) increase in the concentration of DOPAC and the accumulation of DOPA in the median eminence, but was without effect in the other brain regions. The alpha MSH-induced increase in tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic neuronal activity was temporally related to a decrease in circulating concentrations of prolactin. Twelve hours after the i.c.v. administration of prolactin DOPA accumulation increased in the median eminence but not in the neural or intermediate lobes of the pituitary. DOPA accumulation was not altered in any brain region 12 h after the i.c.v. administration of alpha MSH. These results suggest that alpha MSH acts acutely to selectively activate tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic neurons and thereby cause the secretion of prolactin from the anterior pituitary to decrease.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007276 Injections, Intraventricular Injections into the cerebral ventricles. Intraventricular Injections,Injection, Intraventricular,Intraventricular Injection
D008297 Male Males
D008473 Median Eminence Raised area at the infundibular region of the HYPOTHALAMUS at the floor of the BRAIN, ventral to the THIRD VENTRICLE and adjacent to the ARCUATE NUCLEUS OF HYPOTHALAMUS. It contains the terminals of hypothalamic neurons and the capillary network of hypophyseal portal system, thus serving as a neuroendocrine link between the brain and the PITUITARY GLAND. Eminentia Mediana,Medial Eminence,Eminence, Medial,Eminence, Median,Eminences, Medial,Eminentia Medianas,Medial Eminences,Mediana, Eminentia,Medianas, Eminentia
D009474 Neurons The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM. Nerve Cells,Cell, Nerve,Cells, Nerve,Nerve Cell,Neuron
D010902 Pituitary Gland A small, unpaired gland situated in the SELLA TURCICA. It is connected to the HYPOTHALAMUS by a short stalk which is called the INFUNDIBULUM. Hypophysis,Hypothalamus, Infundibular,Infundibular Stalk,Infundibular Stem,Infundibulum (Hypophysis),Infundibulum, Hypophyseal,Pituitary Stalk,Hypophyseal Infundibulum,Hypophyseal Stalk,Hypophysis Cerebri,Infundibulum,Cerebri, Hypophysis,Cerebrus, Hypophysis,Gland, Pituitary,Glands, Pituitary,Hypophyseal Stalks,Hypophyses,Hypophysis Cerebrus,Infundibular Hypothalamus,Infundibular Stalks,Infundibulums,Pituitary Glands,Pituitary Stalks,Stalk, Hypophyseal,Stalk, Infundibular,Stalks, Hypophyseal,Stalks, Infundibular
D011388 Prolactin A lactogenic hormone secreted by the adenohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR). It is a polypeptide of approximately 23 kD. Besides its major action on lactation, in some species prolactin exerts effects on reproduction, maternal behavior, fat metabolism, immunomodulation and osmoregulation. Prolactin receptors are present in the mammary gland, hypothalamus, liver, ovary, testis, and prostate. Lactogenic Hormone, Pituitary,Mammotropic Hormone, Pituitary,Mammotropin,PRL (Prolactin),Hormone, Pituitary Lactogenic,Hormone, Pituitary Mammotropic,Pituitary Lactogenic Hormone,Pituitary Mammotropic Hormone
D004295 Dihydroxyphenylalanine A beta-hydroxylated derivative of phenylalanine. The D-form of dihydroxyphenylalanine has less physiologic activity than the L-form and is commonly used experimentally to determine whether the pharmacological effects of LEVODOPA are stereospecific. Dopa,3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine,3-Hydroxy-DL-tyrosine,Dihydroxyphenylalanine Hydrochloride, (2:1),beta-Hydroxytyrosine,3 Hydroxy DL tyrosine,3,4 Dihydroxyphenylalanine,beta Hydroxytyrosine
D004298 Dopamine One of the catecholamine NEUROTRANSMITTERS in the brain. It is derived from TYROSINE and is the precursor to NOREPINEPHRINE and EPINEPHRINE. Dopamine is a major transmitter in the extrapyramidal system of the brain, and important in regulating movement. A family of receptors (RECEPTORS, DOPAMINE) mediate its action. Hydroxytyramine,3,4-Dihydroxyphenethylamine,4-(2-Aminoethyl)-1,2-benzenediol,Dopamine Hydrochloride,Intropin,3,4 Dihydroxyphenethylamine,Hydrochloride, Dopamine
D000521 alpha-MSH A 13-amino acid peptide derived from proteolytic cleavage of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE, the N-terminal segment of ACTH. ACTH (1-13) is amidated at the C-terminal to form ACTH (1-13)NH2 which in turn is acetylated to form alpha-MSH in the secretory granules. Alpha-MSH stimulates the synthesis and distribution of MELANIN in MELANOCYTES in mammals and MELANOPHORES in lower vertebrates. MSH, alpha,alpha Intermedin,alpha-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone,(Des-Acetyl)-alpha-MSH,(Desacetyl)alpha-MSH,ACTH (1-13),ACTH (1-13)NH2,ACTH(1-13),Acetylated ACTH (1-13)NH2,Adrenocorticotropin (1-13)NH2,DE-alpha-MSH,Des-Acetyl MSH,Desacetyl alpha-MSH,Desacetyl alpha-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone,MSH, (Desacetyl)alpha-,alpha-Melanotropin,Desacetyl alpha MSH,Desacetyl alpha Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone,Hormone, Desacetyl alpha-Melanocyte-Stimulating,Hormone, alpha-Melanocyte-Stimulating,Intermedin, alpha,MSH, Des-Acetyl,alpha MSH,alpha Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone,alpha Melanotropin,alpha-MSH, Desacetyl,alpha-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone, Desacetyl
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia

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