Biomaterial Database

[Mechanisms of gout inflammation]. 2011

Hang-Korng Ea

Assistance-publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, hôpital Lariboisière, fédération de rhumatologie, pôle locomoteur, centre Viggo-Petersen, Inserm U606 (IFR139), Paris, France; Université médecine Paris 7, Paris, France. korngea@yahoo.fr

Gout inflammation is an acute and self-resolving reaction. MSU crystals can stimulate cells through either crystal-cell membrane interaction or after their phagocytosis. The onset of gout inflammation relies on non-hematopoietic resident cells whereas the amplification of the reaction is driven by phagocytic cells of immune innate system. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and polynuclear neutrophils play central role in gout inflammation. In vitro, MSU crystal-induced IL-1β secretion is secondary mainly to NLRP3 inflammasome activation although numerous proteases are also involved. Mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome activation remain unclear involving mostly reactive oxygen species production. Gout resolution involves several mechanisms including monocyte differentiation into macrophage, clearance of apoptotic neutrophils by macrophages, production of Transforming Growth Factor (TGF-β) and modification of protein coating on MSU crystal surface.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007113	Immunity, Innate	The capacity of a normal organism to remain unaffected by microorganisms and their toxins. It results from the presence of naturally occurring ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS, constitutional factors such as BODY TEMPERATURE and immediate acting immune cells such as NATURAL KILLER CELLS.	Immunity, Native,Immunity, Natural,Immunity, Non-Specific,Resistance, Natural,Innate Immune Response,Innate Immunity,Immune Response, Innate,Immune Responses, Innate,Immunity, Non Specific,Innate Immune Responses,Native Immunity,Natural Immunity,Natural Resistance,Non-Specific Immunity
D007596	Joints	Also known as articulations, these are points of connection between the ends of certain separate bones, or where the borders of other bones are juxtaposed.	Joint
D008264	Macrophages	The relatively long-lived phagocytic cell of mammalian tissues that are derived from blood MONOCYTES. Main types are PERITONEAL MACROPHAGES; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; HISTIOCYTES; KUPFFER CELLS of the liver; and OSTEOCLASTS. They may further differentiate within chronic inflammatory lesions to EPITHELIOID CELLS or may fuse to form FOREIGN BODY GIANT CELLS or LANGHANS GIANT CELLS. (from The Dictionary of Cell Biology, Lackie and Dow, 3rd ed.)	Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages,Monocyte-Derived Macrophages,Macrophage,Macrophages, Monocyte-Derived,Bone Marrow Derived Macrophages,Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophage,Macrophage, Bone Marrow-Derived,Macrophage, Monocyte-Derived,Macrophages, Bone Marrow-Derived,Macrophages, Monocyte Derived,Monocyte Derived Macrophages,Monocyte-Derived Macrophage
D008562	Membrane Glycoproteins	Glycoproteins found on the membrane or surface of cells.	Cell Surface Glycoproteins,Surface Glycoproteins,Cell Surface Glycoprotein,Membrane Glycoprotein,Surface Glycoprotein,Glycoprotein, Cell Surface,Glycoprotein, Membrane,Glycoprotein, Surface,Glycoproteins, Cell Surface,Glycoproteins, Membrane,Glycoproteins, Surface,Surface Glycoprotein, Cell,Surface Glycoproteins, Cell
D009504	Neutrophils	Granular leukocytes having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes.	LE Cells,Leukocytes, Polymorphonuclear,Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes,Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils,Neutrophil Band Cells,Band Cell, Neutrophil,Cell, LE,LE Cell,Leukocyte, Polymorphonuclear,Neutrophil,Neutrophil Band Cell,Neutrophil, Polymorphonuclear,Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte,Polymorphonuclear Neutrophil
D010587	Phagocytosis	The engulfing and degradation of microorganisms; other cells that are dead, dying, or pathogenic; and foreign particles by phagocytic cells (PHAGOCYTES).	Phagocytoses
D011971	Receptors, Immunologic	Cell surface molecules on cells of the immune system that specifically bind surface molecules or messenger molecules and trigger changes in the behavior of cells. Although these receptors were first identified in the immune system, many have important functions elsewhere.	Immunologic Receptors,Immunologic Receptor,Immunological Receptors,Receptor, Immunologic,Receptors, Immunological
D004705	Endocytosis	Cellular uptake of extracellular materials within membrane-limited vacuoles or microvesicles. ENDOSOMES play a central role in endocytosis.	Endocytoses
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000073871	Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1	An approximately 230 amino acid membrane glycoprotein characterized by an IMMUNOGLOBULIN V-SET DOMAIN in its N-terminal half. It is expressed by MONOCYTES and NEUTROPHILS in response to INFLAMMATION related to bacterial and fungal infections. It triggers the release of pro-inflammatory CHEMOKINES; CYTOKINES, and expression of cell activation markers and is a critical regulator of SEPTIC SHOCK.	CD354 Antigen,TREM-1 Protein,Antigen, CD354,TREM 1 Protein,Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 1