Biomaterial Database

Altered pulmonary defense system in lung injury induced by didecyldimethylammonium chloride in mice. 2011

Aya Ohnuma, and Toshinori Yoshida, and Haruka Horiuchi, and Junko Fukumori, and Mariko Tomita, and Sayuri Kojima, and Naofumi Takahashi, and Tomoki Fukuyama, and Koichi Hayashi, and Satoru Yamaguchi, and Ryoichi Ohtsuka, and Yukiko Kashimoto, and Maki Kuwahara, and Makio Takeda, and Tadashi Kosaka, and Nobuaki Nakashima, and Takanori Harada

Laboratory of Pathology, The Institute of Environmental Toxicology, Joso, Ibaraki, Japan.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC), a representative dialkyl-quaternary ammonium compound (QAC), could contaminate working atmospheres when used in disinfectant operation and adversely affect human health. Furthermore, the development of bacteria resistant to DDAC might become public health concern. We postulated that DDAC instillation in the lungs alters pulmonary antioxidant and antimicrobial responses and increases susceptibility to systemic administration of a bacterial component lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Mice were intratracheally instilled with DDAC and sacrificed 1, 3, or 7 days after treatment. Pulmonary cytotoxicity in recovered bronchoalveolar lavage was evident on Days 1 and 7, and inflammatory cell influx and interleukin-6 expression peaked on Day 7, in association with altered antioxidant and antimicrobial responses, as demonstrated by measuring heme oxygenase-1, glutathione peroxidase 2, lactoferrin, and mouse β-defensin-2 and -3 mRNA in the lung samples. The impaired defense system tended to enhance the inflammatory reaction caused by a systemic administration of LPS; the effect was in association with increased expression of toll-like receptor-4 mRNA. The results suggest that DDAC alters pulmonary defense system, which may contribute to susceptibility to an exogenous infectious agent.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007113	Immunity, Innate	The capacity of a normal organism to remain unaffected by microorganisms and their toxins. It results from the presence of naturally occurring ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS, constitutional factors such as BODY TEMPERATURE and immediate acting immune cells such as NATURAL KILLER CELLS.	Immunity, Native,Immunity, Natural,Immunity, Non-Specific,Resistance, Natural,Innate Immune Response,Innate Immunity,Immune Response, Innate,Immune Responses, Innate,Immunity, Non Specific,Innate Immune Responses,Native Immunity,Natural Immunity,Natural Resistance,Non-Specific Immunity
D007442	Intubation, Intratracheal	A procedure involving placement of a tube into the trachea through the mouth or nose in order to provide a patient with oxygen and anesthesia.	Intubation, Endotracheal,Endotracheal Intubation,Endotracheal Intubations,Intratracheal Intubation,Intratracheal Intubations,Intubations, Endotracheal,Intubations, Intratracheal
D007781	Lactoferrin	An iron-binding protein that was originally characterized as a milk protein. It is widely distributed in secretory fluids and is found in the neutrophilic granules of LEUKOCYTES. The N-terminal part of lactoferrin possesses a serine protease which functions to inactivate the TYPE III SECRETION SYSTEM used by bacteria to export virulence proteins for host cell invasion.	Lactotransferrin
D008070	Lipopolysaccharides	Lipid-containing polysaccharides which are endotoxins and important group-specific antigens. They are often derived from the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria and induce immunoglobulin secretion. The lipopolysaccharide molecule consists of three parts: LIPID A, core polysaccharide, and O-specific chains (O ANTIGENS). When derived from Escherichia coli, lipopolysaccharides serve as polyclonal B-cell mitogens commonly used in laboratory immunology. (From Dorland, 28th ed)	Lipopolysaccharide,Lipoglycans
D008168	Lung	Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.	Lungs
D008297	Male		Males
D008810	Mice, Inbred C57BL	One of the first INBRED MOUSE STRAINS to be sequenced. This strain is commonly used as genetic background for transgenic mouse models. Refractory to many tumors, this strain is also preferred model for studying role of genetic variations in development of diseases.	Mice, C57BL,Mouse, C57BL,Mouse, Inbred C57BL,C57BL Mice,C57BL Mice, Inbred,C57BL Mouse,C57BL Mouse, Inbred,Inbred C57BL Mice,Inbred C57BL Mouse
D001992	Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid	Washing liquid obtained from irrigation of the lung, including the BRONCHI and the PULMONARY ALVEOLI. It is generally used to assess biochemical, inflammatory, or infection status of the lung.	Alveolar Lavage Fluid,Bronchial Lavage Fluid,Lung Lavage Fluid,Bronchial Alveolar Lavage Fluid,Lavage Fluid, Bronchial,Lavage Fluid, Lung,Pulmonary Lavage Fluid,Alveolar Lavage Fluids,Bronchial Lavage Fluids,Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluids,Lavage Fluid, Alveolar,Lavage Fluid, Bronchoalveolar,Lavage Fluid, Pulmonary,Lavage Fluids, Alveolar,Lavage Fluids, Bronchial,Lavage Fluids, Bronchoalveolar,Lavage Fluids, Lung,Lavage Fluids, Pulmonary,Lung Lavage Fluids,Pulmonary Lavage Fluids
D005979	Glutathione Peroxidase	An enzyme catalyzing the oxidation of 2 moles of GLUTATHIONE in the presence of HYDROGEN PEROXIDE to yield oxidized glutathione and water.	Cytosolic Glutathione Peroxidase,Glutathione Lipoperoxidase,Selenoglutathione Peroxidase,Glutathione Peroxidase, Cytosolic,Lipoperoxidase, Glutathione,Peroxidase, Glutathione,Peroxidase, Selenoglutathione
D000395	Air Pollutants, Occupational	Toxic air-borne matter related to work performed They are usually produced by the specific nature of the occupation.	Occupational Air Pollutants,Pollutants, Occupational Air