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Emergence of genotype I of Japanese encephalitis virus as the dominant genotype in Asia. 2011
Xiao-Ling Pan, and
Hong Liu, and
Huan-Yu Wang, and
Shi-Hong Fu, and
Hai-Zhou Liu, and
Hai-Lin Zhang, and
Ming-Hua Li, and
Xiao-Yan Gao, and
Jing-Lin Wang, and
Xiao-Hong Sun, and
Xin-Jun Lu, and
You-Gang Zhai, and
Wei-Shan Meng, and
Ying He, and
Huan-Qin Wang, and
Na Han, and
Bo Wei, and
Yong-Gan Wu, and
Yun Feng, and
Du-Juan Yang, and
Li-Hua Wang, and
Qin Tang, and
Guoliang Xia, and
Ichiro Kurane, and
Simon Rayner, and
Guo-Dong Liang
Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, China.
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a mosquito-borne zoonotic pathogen, is one of the major causes of viral encephalitis worldwide. Previous phylogenetic studies based on the envelope protein indicated that there are four genotypes, and surveillance data suggest that genotype I is gradually replacing genotype III as the dominant strain. Here we report an evolutionary analysis based on 98 full-length genome sequences of JEV, including 67 new samples isolated from humans, pigs, mosquitoes, midges. and bats in affected areas. To investigate the relationships between the genotypes and the significance of genotype I in recent epidemics, we estimated evolutionary rates, ages of common ancestors, and population demographics. Our results indicate that the genotypes diverged in the order IV, III, II, and I and that the genetic diversity of genotype III has decreased rapidly while that of genotype I has increased gradually, consistent with its emergence as the dominant genotype.
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