Prevalence and risk factors of diabetic nephropathy among Thai patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. 2011

Udom Krairittichai, and Somkiat Potisat, and Amporn Jongsareejit, and Charnvate Sattaputh
Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Rajavithi Hospital, Rangsit University, Bangkok, Thailand. krairit@yahoo.com

BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end stage renal disease. Clinically, DN is classified into 3 stages: microalbuminuria (MA), macroalbuminuria and ESRD. The prevalence and risk factors of DN among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Thailand have not been well studied. OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of DN in patients with T2DM and to determine their associated risk factors. METHODS A cross-sectional study evaluating 877 T2DM patients from the out-patient department of seven public hospitals in Thailand was performed. Three random spot urine samples from all patients were collected during 3 consecutive months. Normoalbuminuria, MA and macroalbuminuria were defined as the presence of at least two out of three spot urine tests for urine albumin/creatinine ratio showing less than 30, 30-300 and more than 300 mg/gm respectively. RESULTS Most patients were female, 60 years of age or older, with BMI above 25 kg/m2, a family history of DM, uncontrolled blood pressure, HbA1c above 7.0% and LDL above 100 mg/dl. The prevalence of normoalbuminuria, MA and macroalbuminuria was 62.8, 26.0 and 11.2% respectively. The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in T2DM with normoalbuminuria, MA and microalbuminuria was 18.5, 35.5 and 48.0% respectively. Associated risk factors of DN were the duration of DM, HbA1c levels and uncontrolled hypertension. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of all DN was 37.2%. Associated risk factors of DN were the duration of DM, HbA1c levels and uncontrolled hypertension.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D006973 Hypertension Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more. Blood Pressure, High,Blood Pressures, High,High Blood Pressure,High Blood Pressures
D007676 Kidney Failure, Chronic The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION. ESRD,End-Stage Renal Disease,Renal Disease, End-Stage,Renal Failure, Chronic,Renal Failure, End-Stage,Chronic Kidney Failure,End-Stage Kidney Disease,Chronic Renal Failure,Disease, End-Stage Kidney,Disease, End-Stage Renal,End Stage Kidney Disease,End Stage Renal Disease,End-Stage Renal Failure,Kidney Disease, End-Stage,Renal Disease, End Stage,Renal Failure, End Stage
D008297 Male Males
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D001786 Blood Glucose Glucose in blood. Blood Sugar,Glucose, Blood,Sugar, Blood
D001794 Blood Pressure PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS. Systolic Pressure,Diastolic Pressure,Pulse Pressure,Pressure, Blood,Pressure, Diastolic,Pressure, Pulse,Pressure, Systolic,Pressures, Systolic
D003430 Cross-Sectional Studies Studies in which the presence or absence of disease or other health-related variables are determined in each member of the study population or in a representative sample at one particular time. This contrasts with LONGITUDINAL STUDIES which are followed over a period of time. Disease Frequency Surveys,Prevalence Studies,Analysis, Cross-Sectional,Cross Sectional Analysis,Cross-Sectional Survey,Surveys, Disease Frequency,Analyses, Cross Sectional,Analyses, Cross-Sectional,Analysis, Cross Sectional,Cross Sectional Analyses,Cross Sectional Studies,Cross Sectional Survey,Cross-Sectional Analyses,Cross-Sectional Analysis,Cross-Sectional Study,Cross-Sectional Surveys,Disease Frequency Survey,Prevalence Study,Studies, Cross-Sectional,Studies, Prevalence,Study, Cross-Sectional,Study, Prevalence,Survey, Cross-Sectional,Survey, Disease Frequency,Surveys, Cross-Sectional
D003924 Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY. Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset,Diabetes Mellitus, Ketosis-Resistant,Diabetes Mellitus, Maturity-Onset,Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent,Diabetes Mellitus, Slow-Onset,Diabetes Mellitus, Stable,MODY,Maturity-Onset Diabetes Mellitus,NIDDM,Diabetes Mellitus, Non Insulin Dependent,Diabetes Mellitus, Noninsulin Dependent,Diabetes Mellitus, Noninsulin-Dependent,Diabetes Mellitus, Type II,Maturity-Onset Diabetes,Noninsulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus,Type 2 Diabetes,Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus,Adult-Onset Diabetes Mellitus,Diabetes Mellitus, Adult Onset,Diabetes Mellitus, Ketosis Resistant,Diabetes Mellitus, Maturity Onset,Diabetes Mellitus, Slow Onset,Diabetes, Maturity-Onset,Diabetes, Type 2,Ketosis-Resistant Diabetes Mellitus,Maturity Onset Diabetes,Maturity Onset Diabetes Mellitus,Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus,Noninsulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus,Slow-Onset Diabetes Mellitus,Stable Diabetes Mellitus
D003928 Diabetic Nephropathies KIDNEY injuries associated with diabetes mellitus and affecting KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; ARTERIOLES; KIDNEY TUBULES; and the interstitium. Clinical signs include persistent PROTEINURIA, from microalbuminuria progressing to ALBUMINURIA of greater than 300 mg/24 h, leading to reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE. Diabetic Glomerulosclerosis,Glomerulosclerosis, Diabetic,Diabetic Kidney Disease,Diabetic Nephropathy,Intracapillary Glomerulosclerosis,Kimmelstiel-Wilson Disease,Kimmelstiel-Wilson Syndrome,Nodular Glomerulosclerosis,Diabetic Kidney Diseases,Glomerulosclerosis, Nodular,Kidney Disease, Diabetic,Kidney Diseases, Diabetic,Kimmelstiel Wilson Disease,Kimmelstiel Wilson Syndrome,Nephropathies, Diabetic,Nephropathy, Diabetic,Syndrome, Kimmelstiel-Wilson
D005260 Female Females

Related Publications

Udom Krairittichai, and Somkiat Potisat, and Amporn Jongsareejit, and Charnvate Sattaputh
January 2019, Diabetes & metabolic syndrome,
Udom Krairittichai, and Somkiat Potisat, and Amporn Jongsareejit, and Charnvate Sattaputh
January 2000, Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research,
Udom Krairittichai, and Somkiat Potisat, and Amporn Jongsareejit, and Charnvate Sattaputh
February 2013, European journal of medical research,
Udom Krairittichai, and Somkiat Potisat, and Amporn Jongsareejit, and Charnvate Sattaputh
January 2020, International journal of general medicine,
Udom Krairittichai, and Somkiat Potisat, and Amporn Jongsareejit, and Charnvate Sattaputh
January 1999, Polskie Archiwum Medycyny Wewnetrznej,
Udom Krairittichai, and Somkiat Potisat, and Amporn Jongsareejit, and Charnvate Sattaputh
January 2008, Digital journal of ophthalmology : DJO,
Udom Krairittichai, and Somkiat Potisat, and Amporn Jongsareejit, and Charnvate Sattaputh
January 2002, Nefrologia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola Nefrologia,
Udom Krairittichai, and Somkiat Potisat, and Amporn Jongsareejit, and Charnvate Sattaputh
May 2019, Journal of diabetes investigation,
Udom Krairittichai, and Somkiat Potisat, and Amporn Jongsareejit, and Charnvate Sattaputh
January 2023, Wiadomosci lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960),
Udom Krairittichai, and Somkiat Potisat, and Amporn Jongsareejit, and Charnvate Sattaputh
January 1999, Comprehensive therapy,
Copied contents to your clipboard!