Biomaterial Database

Modulation of adrenergic transmission by angiotensins in the perfused rat mesentery. 1979

W B Campbell, and E K Jackson

Isolated rat mesenteric arteries perfused with a modified Krebs solution were utilized to study the effects of angiotensin II (AII), angiotensin III (AIII), and [des-Asp1-Arg2]AII on adrenergic transmission. Angiotensin II potentiated vasoconstrictor responses to both sympathetic nerve stimulation and to exogenous norepinephrine, whereas AIII and [des-Asp1-Arg2]AII potentiated vasoconstrictor responses to exogenous norepinephrine only. When the responses to exogenous norepinephrine were compared, the order of agonist potency was AIII greater than AII greater than [des-Asp1-Arg2]AII. The potentiation of sympathetic nerve stimulation by AII was inhibited by simultaneous administration of AIII (25%), [des-Asp1-Arg2]AII (51%), [Sar1-Ile8]AII (83%), and (Ile7)AIII (80%). The potentiation of exogenous norepinephrine by AII, AIII, and [des-Asp1-Arg2]AII was inhibited by [Sar1-Ile8]AII (110%, 113%, and 108%, respectively) and by [Ile7]AIII (50%, 64%, 91%, respectively). We conclude that AII possesses the capacity both to increase norpinephrine release during sympathetic nerve stimulation and to decrease norepinephrine reuptake, whereas AIII and [des-Asp1-Arg2]AII decrease norepinephrine release and reuptake. Also, under conditions of increased N-terminal degradation of AII, blockade of norepinephrine reuptake would be increased while the release of norepinephrine by nerve stimulation would be reduced.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D008638	Mesenteric Arteries	Arteries which arise from the abdominal aorta and distribute to most of the intestines.	Arteries, Mesenteric,Artery, Mesenteric,Mesenteric Artery
D009435	Synaptic Transmission	The communication from a NEURON to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a SYNAPSE. In chemical synaptic transmission, the presynaptic neuron releases a NEUROTRANSMITTER that diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to specific synaptic receptors, activating them. The activated receptors modulate specific ion channels and/or second-messenger systems in the postsynaptic cell. In electrical synaptic transmission, electrical signals are communicated as an ionic current flow across ELECTRICAL SYNAPSES.	Neural Transmission,Neurotransmission,Transmission, Neural,Transmission, Synaptic
D009638	Norepinephrine	Precursor of epinephrine that is secreted by the ADRENAL MEDULLA and is a widespread central and autonomic neurotransmitter. Norepinephrine is the principal transmitter of most postganglionic sympathetic fibers, and of the diffuse projection system in the brain that arises from the LOCUS CERULEUS. It is also found in plants and is used pharmacologically as a sympathomimetic.	Levarterenol,Levonorepinephrine,Noradrenaline,Arterenol,Levonor,Levophed,Levophed Bitartrate,Noradrenaline Bitartrate,Noradrénaline tartrate renaudin,Norepinephrin d-Tartrate (1:1),Norepinephrine Bitartrate,Norepinephrine Hydrochloride,Norepinephrine Hydrochloride, (+)-Isomer,Norepinephrine Hydrochloride, (+,-)-Isomer,Norepinephrine d-Tartrate (1:1),Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1),Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1), (+,-)-Isomer,Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1), Monohydrate,Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1), Monohydrate, (+)-Isomer,Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:2),Norepinephrine l-Tartrate, (+)-Isomer,Norepinephrine, (+)-Isomer,Norepinephrine, (+,-)-Isomer
D010477	Perfusion	Treatment process involving the injection of fluid into an organ or tissue.	Perfusions
D000804	Angiotensin II	An octapeptide that is a potent but labile vasoconstrictor. It is produced from angiotensin I after the removal of two amino acids at the C-terminal by ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME. The amino acid in position 5 varies in different species. To block VASOCONSTRICTION and HYPERTENSION effect of angiotensin II, patients are often treated with ACE INHIBITORS or with ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKERS.	Angiotensin II, Ile(5)-,Angiotensin II, Val(5)-,5-L-Isoleucine Angiotensin II,ANG-(1-8)Octapeptide,Angiotensin II, Isoleucine(5)-,Angiotensin II, Valine(5)-,Angiotensin-(1-8) Octapeptide,Isoleucine(5)-Angiotensin,Isoleucyl(5)-Angiotensin II,Valyl(5)-Angiotensin II,5 L Isoleucine Angiotensin II,Angiotensin II, 5-L-Isoleucine
D000805	Angiotensin III	A heptapeptide formed from ANGIOTENSIN II after the removal of an amino acid at the N-terminal by AMINOPEPTIDASE A. Angiotensin III has the same efficacy as ANGIOTENSIN II in promoting ALDOSTERONE secretion and modifying renal blood flow, but less vasopressor activity (about 40%).	Des-Asp Angiotensin II,Des-Aspartyl-Angiotensin II,Angiotensin II, Des-Asp,Des Asp Angiotensin II,Des Aspartyl Angiotensin II
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013564	Sympathetic Nervous System	The thoracolumbar division of the autonomic nervous system. Sympathetic preganglionic fibers originate in neurons of the intermediolateral column of the spinal cord and project to the paravertebral and prevertebral ganglia, which in turn project to target organs. The sympathetic nervous system mediates the body's response to stressful situations, i.e., the fight or flight reactions. It often acts reciprocally to the parasympathetic system.	Nervous System, Sympathetic,Nervous Systems, Sympathetic,Sympathetic Nervous Systems,System, Sympathetic Nervous,Systems, Sympathetic Nervous
D014661	Vasoconstriction	The physiological narrowing of BLOOD VESSELS by contraction of the VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE.	Vasoconstrictions