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Myenteric plexus-longitudinal muscle strips were used to study nerve action potential propagation and transmission and their differences between the proximal and the distal regions of cholinergic terminals. Neurogenic twitches of a portion of the strip were evoked by focal electrical stimulation. Twitches mediated by the distal regions of cholinergic nerve terminals were more influenced by drugs affecting Ca2+ "utilization" (Bay K 8644, kappa opiate ligand ethylketocyclazocine, changes in extracellular Ca2+ or Co2+ concentration) in contrast to twitches mediated by proximal regions of these terminals which were more influenced by drugs affecting sodium-potassium spike (tetrodotoxin, dendrotoxin, 4-aminopyridine, tetraethylammonium). Post-tetanic potentiation of twitches was prominent with that portion of the strip where the distal regions of nerve terminals were involved. Drugs interfering with Na+/K+ spikes indiscriminately influenced both the twitch height and post-tetanic potentiation whereas changes in extracellular Ca2+ concentration affected selectively only post-tetanic potentiation. Release of [3H]acetylcholine from pre-labelled strips evoked by 1 Hz continuous stimulation or by train stimulation at 30 Hz was measured selectively from portions containing either proximal and distal or only distal regions of nerve terminals. The release from portions containing the distal regions was relatively higher when evoked by 30 Hz than by 1 Hz. The distal regions of nerve terminals might be thus recruited to participate in transmission by a frequency-dependent process. Nerve impulses were recorded from strands of nerve fibres in the myenteric plexus. At 1 and 5 mm distance from the stimulation focus nerve impulses were completely suppressed by tetrodotoxin. At 5 mm, in some strands the amplitude of nerve impulses was also subject to the effect of drugs affecting Ca2+ "utilization"; facilitation of nerve impulse amplitude during 30 Hz train stimulation was always influenced by drugs affecting Ca2+ "utilization". Propagation of nerve impulses in the distal region of cholinergic nerve terminals was found to be Ca-sensitive and frequency-dependent; this might form the basis for facilitation and post-tetanic potentiation of muscarinic transmission.
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