Biomaterial Database

Effects of plane of nutrition, growth hormone and unsaturated fat on growth hormone, insulin and prolactin receptors in prepubertal lambs. 1990

T B McFadden, and T E Daniel, and R M Akers

Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg 24061-0315.

The influence of plane of nutrition, growth hormone (GH) treatment and dietary polyunsaturated fat on serum concentrations of GH and insulin (INS) and binding capacities of GH, INS and prolactin (PRL) in liver, mammary parenchyma and adipose tissue was assessed in prepubertal ewe lambs. Ten lambs were assigned to each of four treatment groups. Treatments included: (A) lambs with ad libitum access to a high-energy ration; (G) lambs fed as group A and treated with bovine GH (.08 mg/kg/d); (R) lambs with feed intake restricted to limit ADG to about 120 g; and (S) lambs with ad libitum access to a ration including formaldehyde-protected sunflower seed. Diets, all approximately isonitrogenous and isocaloric, were fed from about 7 to 22 wk of age. Weekly blood samples were collected during wk 6 to 14 of the trial. Averaged across sampling dates, mean serum concentrations of GH were elevated in G lambs (P less than .05) and INS concentrations differed in the order G greater than A greater than R = S (P less than .05). Crude membranes for binding assays were prepared from liver, mammary parenchyma and adipose tissue. Mean concentrations of GH receptors in liver and PRL receptors in mammary parenchyma were elevated in group S lambs (P less than .01). Dietary polyunsaturated fat increased the number of GH receptors in liver and PRL receptors in mammary parenchyma. Increased availability of receptors may mediate the stimulation of mammary growth observed in lambs fed polyunsaturated fat.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007328	Insulin	A 51-amino acid pancreatic hormone that plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, directly by suppressing endogenous glucose production (GLYCOGENOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS) and indirectly by suppressing GLUCAGON secretion and LIPOLYSIS. Native insulin is a globular protein comprised of a zinc-coordinated hexamer. Each insulin monomer containing two chains, A (21 residues) and B (30 residues), linked by two disulfide bonds. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1).	Iletin,Insulin A Chain,Insulin B Chain,Insulin, Regular,Novolin,Sodium Insulin,Soluble Insulin,Chain, Insulin B,Insulin, Sodium,Insulin, Soluble,Regular Insulin
D008099	Liver	A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.	Livers
D008321	Mammary Glands, Animal	MAMMARY GLANDS in the non-human MAMMALS.	Mammae,Udder,Animal Mammary Glands,Animal Mammary Gland,Mammary Gland, Animal,Udders
D011956	Receptors, Cell Surface	Cell surface proteins that bind signalling molecules external to the cell with high affinity and convert this extracellular event into one or more intracellular signals that alter the behavior of the target cell (From Alberts, Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2nd ed, pp693-5). Cell surface receptors, unlike enzymes, do not chemically alter their ligands.	Cell Surface Receptor,Cell Surface Receptors,Hormone Receptors, Cell Surface,Receptors, Endogenous Substances,Cell Surface Hormone Receptors,Endogenous Substances Receptors,Receptor, Cell Surface,Surface Receptor, Cell
D011972	Receptor, Insulin	A cell surface receptor for INSULIN. It comprises a tetramer of two alpha and two beta subunits which are derived from cleavage of a single precursor protein. The receptor contains an intrinsic TYROSINE KINASE domain that is located within the beta subunit. Activation of the receptor by INSULIN results in numerous metabolic changes including increased uptake of GLUCOSE into the liver, muscle, and ADIPOSE TISSUE.	Insulin Receptor,Insulin Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinase,Insulin Receptor alpha Subunit,Insulin Receptor beta Subunit,Insulin Receptor alpha Chain,Insulin Receptor beta Chain,Insulin-Dependent Tyrosine Protein Kinase,Receptors, Insulin,Insulin Receptor Protein Tyrosine Kinase,Insulin Receptors
D011981	Receptors, Prolactin	Labile proteins on or in prolactin-sensitive cells that bind prolactin initiating the cells' physiological response to that hormone. Mammary casein synthesis is one of the responses. The receptors are also found in placenta, liver, testes, kidneys, ovaries, and other organs and bind and respond to certain other hormones and their analogs and antagonists. This receptor is related to the growth hormone receptor.	Prolactin Receptors,PRL Receptors,Prolactin Receptor,Receptors, PRL,Receptor, Prolactin
D011986	Receptors, Somatotropin	Cell surface proteins that bind GROWTH HORMONE with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behavior of cells. Activation of growth hormone receptors regulates amino acid transport through cell membranes, RNA translation to protein, DNA transcription, and protein and amino acid catabolism in many cell types. Many of these effects are mediated indirectly through stimulation of the release of somatomedins.	Growth Hormone Receptors,Receptors, Growth Hormone,Somatomammotropin Receptors,Somatotropin Receptors,Growth Hormone Receptor,Receptor, Growth Hormone,Receptors, Somatomammotropin,Somatomammotropin Receptor,Somatotropin Receptor,Hormone Receptor, Growth,Hormone Receptors, Growth
D004042	Dietary Fats, Unsaturated	Unsaturated fats or oils used in foods or as a food.	Dietary Oils,Unsaturated Dietary Fats,Dietary Fat, Unsaturated,Dietary Oil,Fat, Unsaturated Dietary,Fats, Unsaturated Dietary,Oil, Dietary,Oils, Dietary,Unsaturated Dietary Fat
D005227	Fatty Acids	Organic, monobasic acids derived from hydrocarbons by the equivalent of oxidation of a methyl group to an alcohol, aldehyde, and then acid. Fatty acids are saturated and unsaturated (FATTY ACIDS, UNSATURATED). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	Aliphatic Acid,Esterified Fatty Acid,Fatty Acid,Fatty Acids, Esterified,Fatty Acids, Saturated,Saturated Fatty Acid,Aliphatic Acids,Acid, Aliphatic,Acid, Esterified Fatty,Acid, Saturated Fatty,Esterified Fatty Acids,Fatty Acid, Esterified,Fatty Acid, Saturated,Saturated Fatty Acids
D005260	Female		Females