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The mechanisms whereby maternal stress during pregnancy exerts organizational effects on fetal development require elaboration. The aim of this study was to assess the plausibility of cortisol as a biological link between maternal psychological distress during pregnancy and fetal development. Previous research has resulted in equivocal findings for between-persons differences in stress and cortisol. Ecological momentary assessment was used to simultaneously assess mood and cortisol 5 times daily for 3 days in 83 women (gestational ages 6-37 weeks). Results from multilevel analysis indicated a robust within-person association between negative mood and cortisol. For each 1.0% increase in negative mood there was a corresponding 1.9% increase in cortisol. This association was unaffected by advancing gestational age. The results suggest that cortisol is a plausible biological mechanism for transducing the effects of maternal psychological distress during pregnancy to fetal development.
Gerald F Giesbrecht, and
Tavis Campbell, and
Nicole Letourneau, and
Libbe Kooistra, and
Bonnie Kaplan, and
October 2018,
Psychoneuroendocrinology,
Gerald F Giesbrecht, and
Tavis Campbell, and
Nicole Letourneau, and
Libbe Kooistra, and
Bonnie Kaplan, and
August 2005,
Psychoneuroendocrinology,
Gerald F Giesbrecht, and
Tavis Campbell, and
Nicole Letourneau, and
Libbe Kooistra, and
Bonnie Kaplan, and
March 2010,
Biological psychology,
Gerald F Giesbrecht, and
Tavis Campbell, and
Nicole Letourneau, and
Libbe Kooistra, and
Bonnie Kaplan, and
January 2023,
Psychoneuroendocrinology,
Gerald F Giesbrecht, and
Tavis Campbell, and
Nicole Letourneau, and
Libbe Kooistra, and
Bonnie Kaplan, and
February 2016,
Brain, behavior, and immunity,
Gerald F Giesbrecht, and
Tavis Campbell, and
Nicole Letourneau, and
Libbe Kooistra, and
Bonnie Kaplan, and
January 1990,
Journal of psychosomatic research,
Gerald F Giesbrecht, and
Tavis Campbell, and
Nicole Letourneau, and
Libbe Kooistra, and
Bonnie Kaplan, and
November 2020,
Psychoneuroendocrinology,
Gerald F Giesbrecht, and
Tavis Campbell, and
Nicole Letourneau, and
Libbe Kooistra, and
Bonnie Kaplan, and
October 2007,
Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica,
Gerald F Giesbrecht, and
Tavis Campbell, and
Nicole Letourneau, and
Libbe Kooistra, and
Bonnie Kaplan, and
January 2006,
Psychosomatic medicine,
Gerald F Giesbrecht, and
Tavis Campbell, and
Nicole Letourneau, and
Libbe Kooistra, and
Bonnie Kaplan, and
August 2005,
Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology,
