Development of in silico models for pyrazoles and pyrimidine derivatives as cyclin-dependent kinase 2 inhibitors. 2011

Fangfang Wang, and Zhi Ma, and Yan Li, and Shanna Zhu, and Zhengtao Xiao, and Hong Zhang, and Yonghua Wang
Bioinformatics Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100,China.

CDK₂ (cyclin-dependent kinase 2) is an attractive target for therapeutic intervention in cancer. In this work, quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR), molecular docking, and molecular dynamics (MD) studies were performed on three sets of 155 CDK₂ inhibitors. The obtained models exhibit good predictive capability in both internal and external validations (q²=0.73, r²(pred)=0.94 for 6, 6-dimethyl pyrrolo [3,4-c]pyrazoles analogs, q²=0.62, r²(pred)=0.63 for imidazole pyrimidine amides analogs and q²=0.56, r²(pred)=0.58 for 4-(pyrazol-4-yl)-pyrimidines analogs). Furthermore, a comparison between 3D-contour map, docking and MD simulation explore in detail the binding modes and the key structural features impacting the interaction of each series of inhibitors with the CDK₂ enzyme, which should be useful to aid the designing of new inhibitors with CDK₂ improved biological response.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D011485 Protein Binding The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments. Plasma Protein Binding Capacity,Binding, Protein
D011720 Pyrazoles Azoles of two nitrogens at the 1,2 positions, next to each other, in contrast with IMIDAZOLES in which they are at the 1,3 positions.
D011743 Pyrimidines A family of 6-membered heterocyclic compounds occurring in nature in a wide variety of forms. They include several nucleic acid constituents (CYTOSINE; THYMINE; and URACIL) and form the basic structure of the barbiturates.
D004791 Enzyme Inhibitors Compounds or agents that combine with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction. Enzyme Inhibitor,Inhibitor, Enzyme,Inhibitors, Enzyme
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D006860 Hydrogen Bonding A low-energy attractive force between hydrogen and another element. It plays a major role in determining the properties of water, proteins, and other compounds. Hydrogen Bonds,Bond, Hydrogen,Hydrogen Bond
D000465 Algorithms A procedure consisting of a sequence of algebraic formulas and/or logical steps to calculate or determine a given task. Algorithm
D013816 Thermodynamics A rigorously mathematical analysis of energy relationships (heat, work, temperature, and equilibrium). It describes systems whose states are determined by thermal parameters, such as temperature, in addition to mechanical and electromagnetic parameters. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed) Thermodynamic
D015195 Drug Design The molecular designing of drugs for specific purposes (such as DNA-binding, enzyme inhibition, anti-cancer efficacy, etc.) based on knowledge of molecular properties such as activity of functional groups, molecular geometry, and electronic structure, and also on information cataloged on analogous molecules. Drug design is generally computer-assisted molecular modeling and does not include PHARMACOKINETICS, dosage analysis, or drug administration analysis. Computer-Aided Drug Design,Computerized Drug Design,Drug Modeling,Pharmaceutical Design,Computer Aided Drug Design,Computer-Aided Drug Designs,Computerized Drug Designs,Design, Pharmaceutical,Drug Design, Computer-Aided,Drug Design, Computerized,Drug Designs,Drug Modelings,Pharmaceutical Designs
D051357 Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2 A key regulator of CELL CYCLE progression. It partners with CYCLIN E to regulate entry into S PHASE and also interacts with CYCLIN A to phosphorylate RETINOBLASTOMA PROTEIN. Its activity is inhibited by CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE INHIBITOR P27 and CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE INHIBITOR P21. Cdk2 Protein Kinase,CDK2 Protein,Cdc2-Related Protein Kinase,p33cdk2 Kinase,Cdc2 Related Protein Kinase,Cyclin Dependent Kinase 2

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