Apparent digestibility, nitrogen balance, and ruminal constituents in ram lambs fed high-concentrate diets containing soybean hulls. 2011

E M Ferreira, and A V Pires, and I Susin, and C Q Mendes, and M A A Queiroz, and R C Araujo, and R S Gentil, and S C Loerch
Departamento de Zootecnia, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.

Corn often constitutes the main portion of high-concentrate diets fed to feedlot lambs. However, soybean hulls (SH) may be used to replace corn, and may reduce feed costs and the risk of acidosis. The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of SH inclusion rate in high-concentrate diets on DMI, apparent digestibility of nutrients, N balance, and some rumen constituents. Sixteen ruminally fistulated Santa Inês ram lambs (44.3 ± 5 kg of BW and 6 mo old) were housed in suspended metabolism crates. A randomized complete block design experiment with 4 diets and 4 blocks was used. Blocks were defined by BW, and diets were allotted randomly within block. The control diet contained 70% corn and 0% SH. In the remaining diets, SH replaced corn at the rate of 15, 30, or 45% of the original corn concentration, which resulted in 0, 10.5, 21.0, and 31.4% of SH in the dietary DM. The DMI (kg/d) increased linearly (P < 0.01) with increasing dietary SH inclusion. A trend was observed for linear decreases (P = 0.10) in apparent DM, OM, and nonfiber carbohydrate digestibility, and a trend was observed for an increase (P = 0.08) in NDF digestibility with increasing dietary SH addition. Apparent digestibilities of CP and ether extract and ADF digestibility were not affected by SH inclusion rate. Total ruminal concentration of short-chain fatty acids was affected quadratically (P = 0.03) by diet; acetate concentration increased linearly (P < 0.01), whereas quadratic effects were observed on propionate concentration (P = 0.03) and acetate-to-propionate ratio (P < 0.01) with increasing dietary SH. Ruminal pH increased linearly (P < 0.01) as corn was replaced by SH. Nitrogen retention was not affected by the addition of SH, in spite of a linear increase in urinary N (P < 0.01). The replacement of corn grain with up to 45% SH (31.4% of SH in the dietary DM) resulted in a trend to decrease apparent digestibility of DM and to increase NDF digestibility, presenting a fermentation pattern that would reduce the risk of acidosis.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D009584 Nitrogen An element with the atomic symbol N, atomic number 7, and atomic weight [14.00643; 14.00728]. Nitrogen exists as a diatomic gas and makes up about 78% of the earth's atmosphere by volume. It is a constituent of proteins and nucleic acids and found in all living cells.
D001826 Body Fluids Liquid components of living organisms. Body Fluid,Fluid, Body,Fluids, Body
D004032 Diet Regular course of eating and drinking adopted by a person or animal. Diets
D004063 Digestion The process of breakdown of food for metabolism and use by the body.
D006863 Hydrogen-Ion Concentration The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH pH,Concentration, Hydrogen-Ion,Concentrations, Hydrogen-Ion,Hydrogen Ion Concentration,Hydrogen-Ion Concentrations
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000821 Animal Feed Foodstuff used especially for domestic and laboratory animals, or livestock. Fodder,Animal Feeds,Feed, Animal,Feeds, Animal,Fodders
D012417 Rumen The first stomach of ruminants. It lies on the left side of the body, occupying the whole of the left side of the abdomen and even stretching across the median plane of the body to the right side. It is capacious, divided into an upper and a lower sac, each of which has a blind sac at its posterior extremity. The rumen is lined by mucous membrane containing no digestive glands, but mucus-secreting glands are present in large numbers. Coarse, partially chewed food is stored and churned in the rumen until the animal finds circumstances convenient for rumination. When this occurs, little balls of food are regurgitated through the esophagus into the mouth, and are subjected to a second more thorough mastication, swallowed, and passed on into other parts of the compound stomach. (From Black's Veterinary Dictionary, 17th ed) Rumens
D012756 Sheep Any of the ruminant mammals with curved horns in the genus Ovis, family Bovidae. They possess lachrymal grooves and interdigital glands, which are absent in GOATS. Ovis,Sheep, Dall,Dall Sheep,Ovis dalli

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