Biomaterial Database

[The relationship between cleft severity and incidence of associated heart defect in children with isolated cleft palate]. 2011

Xiang-Hua Chen, and Zheng-De Tang, and Ting Sun

Department of Cardiac Function, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the relationship between cleft severity and incidence of associated heart defect in children with isolated cleft palate (CP), as well as the characteristics of the heart defect. METHODS From Aug 2008 and Dec 2009, a total 416 children with CP underwent echocardiogram, and were divided into complete and incomplete CP groups. Then each group was further classified as unilateral or bilateral groups. Incomplete CP was subdivided into submucous cleft palate, soft palate cleft, hard and soft palate cleft. The associated heart defects were recorded and analyzed in each group. The data were analyzed statistically using SPSS 13.0. Chi-square test was used to compare the incidence between groups. RESULTS In the series of 416 patients, 46 (11.1%) children were found to have an associated congenital heart disease. The incidence of heart defect was 9.9% (38/384) in the incomplete cleft group, and 25% (8/32) in the complete cleft group, showing a significant difference between the two groups ( F = 6.852, P < 0.05). Atrial septal defect was the most common heart defect, which accounted for 52.2% (24/46) of all associated heart malformations. CONCLUSIONS Compared to incomplete cleft palate, complete cleft palate has a higher risk of heart defect. Cleft severity may be a predictor for congenital heart diseases in cleft palate. Routine echocardiogram should be considered in CP patients.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007223	Infant	A child between 1 and 23 months of age.	Infants
D007231	Infant, Newborn	An infant during the first 28 days after birth.	Neonate,Newborns,Infants, Newborn,Neonates,Newborn,Newborn Infant,Newborn Infants
D008297	Male		Males
D002648	Child	A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL.	Children
D002675	Child, Preschool	A child between the ages of 2 and 5.	Children, Preschool,Preschool Child,Preschool Children
D002972	Cleft Palate	Congenital fissure of the soft and/or hard palate, due to faulty fusion.	Cleft Palate, Isolated,Cleft Palates,Palate, Cleft,Palates, Cleft
D005260	Female		Females
D006330	Heart Defects, Congenital	Developmental abnormalities involving structures of the heart. These defects are present at birth but may be discovered later in life.	Congenital Heart Disease,Heart Abnormalities,Abnormality, Heart,Congenital Heart Defect,Congenital Heart Defects,Defects, Congenital Heart,Heart Defect, Congenital,Heart, Malformation Of,Congenital Heart Diseases,Defect, Congenital Heart,Disease, Congenital Heart,Heart Abnormality,Heart Disease, Congenital,Malformation Of Heart,Malformation Of Hearts
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D015994	Incidence	The number of new cases of a given disease during a given period in a specified population. It also is used for the rate at which new events occur in a defined population. It is differentiated from PREVALENCE, which refers to all cases in the population at a given time.	Attack Rate,Cumulative Incidence,Incidence Proportion,Incidence Rate,Person-time Rate,Secondary Attack Rate,Attack Rate, Secondary,Attack Rates,Cumulative Incidences,Incidence Proportions,Incidence Rates,Incidence, Cumulative,Incidences,Person time Rate,Person-time Rates,Proportion, Incidence,Rate, Attack,Rate, Incidence,Rate, Person-time,Rate, Secondary Attack,Secondary Attack Rates