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Development of the bovine immunodeficiency-like virus as a model of lentivirus disease. 1990

M A Gonda, and M S Oberste, and K J Garvey, and L A Pallansch, and J K Battles, and D Y Pifat, and J W Bess, and K Nagashima
Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Structure, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, MD 21701.

The bovine immunodeficiency-like virus (BIV) is morphologically, serologically, and genetically related to the lentivirus subfamily of retroviruses which includes human and simian immunodeficiency viruses and other lentiviruses causally associated with debilitating diseases of domestic animals. There are many parallels in the biology and pathologic characteristics of BIV infections with those of HIV that make its development as a model of HIV-like infection and disease potentially attractive. In order to obtain a better understanding of the molecular basis of BIV-induced disease, two biologically active proviruses of BIV were molecularly cloned and sequenced. The BIV genome is 9.0 kilobases in the form of the proviral DNA. It contains the obligate retroviral structural genes, gag, pol, and env. In addition, in the BIV central region, between and overlapping pol and env, there are five potential coding regions for non-structural/regulatory genes; three are analogous to vif, tat, and rev in HIV and two, called W and Y, are unique to BIV. There is no coding region analogous to nef in BIV. Sequence comparisons of two functional proviruses obtained from the DNA of cells carrying an infection from a single virus isolation indicate that the genome of BIV is highly variable within a single biological isolate. Moreover, the greatest number of substitutions occur in the env gene. The results suggest the presence of multiple genotypes which may be of significance in defining the disease potential of a BIV isolate. These clones will be useful in dissecting the replicative cycle and mechanisms of pathogenesis of BIV in various animal models.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008969 Molecular Sequence Data Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories. Sequence Data, Molecular,Molecular Sequencing Data,Data, Molecular Sequence,Data, Molecular Sequencing,Sequencing Data, Molecular
D002213 Capsid The outer protein protective shell of a virus, which protects the viral nucleic acid. Capsids are composed of repeating units (capsomers or capsomeres) of CAPSID PROTEINS which when assembled together form either an icosahedral or helical shape. Procapsid,Prohead,Capsids,Procapsids,Proheads
D004195 Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases. Animal Disease Model,Animal Disease Models,Disease Model, Animal
D005814 Genes, Viral The functional hereditary units of VIRUSES. Viral Genes,Gene, Viral,Viral Gene
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000595 Amino Acid Sequence The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION. Protein Structure, Primary,Amino Acid Sequences,Sequence, Amino Acid,Sequences, Amino Acid,Primary Protein Structure,Primary Protein Structures,Protein Structures, Primary,Structure, Primary Protein,Structures, Primary Protein
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D016087 Immunodeficiency Virus, Bovine The type species of LENTIVIRUS, subgenus bovine lentiviruses (LENTIVIRUSES, BOVINE), found in cattle and causing lymphadenopathy, LYMPHOCYTOSIS, central nervous system lesions, progressive weakness, and emaciation. It has immunological cross-reactivity with other lentiviruses including HIV. BIV,Bovine Immunodeficiency Virus,Bovine Immunodeficiency-Like Virus,Bovine Immunodeficiency Like Virus,Bovine Immunodeficiency Viruses,Bovine Immunodeficiency-Like Viruses,Immunodeficiency Viruses, Bovine,Immunodeficiency-Like Virus, Bovine,Immunodeficiency-Like Viruses, Bovine
D016180 Lentivirus Infections Virus diseases caused by the Lentivirus genus. They are multi-organ diseases characterized by long incubation periods and persistent infection. Infections, Lentivirus,Infection, Lentivirus,Lentivirus Infection

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