Biomaterial Database

Ethanol-induced esophageal motor disorder: development of an animal model. 1990

A Keshavarzian, and G Rizk, and G Urban, and C Willson

Department of Medicine, Loyola University Medical School, Maywood, Illinois 60153.

Abnormal esophageal motility has been reported in alcoholics. This includes abnormally high esophageal contraction amplitudes (ECA) and elevated lower esophageal sphincter pressures (LESP). However, an animal model is lacking for evaluating the underlying mechanisms. To develop such a model of ethanol-induced esophageal motor dysfunction, esophageal manometry was done in control, chronically intoxicated, and withdrawing cats. Ethanol was administered for at least 30 days via gastrostomy tube and blood alcohol levels, typically 300 mg/dl, were adjusted to maintain inebriation. LESP and upper (striated muscle) and lower (smooth muscle) ECA were elevated in male withdrawing cats. In intoxicated cats only upper ECA was elevated. Surprisingly, LESP and ECA were not significantly affected in females. Duration of ECA was prolonged in both male and female intoxicated cats. These findings indicate that: (1) similar to withdrawing men, ECA and LESP are elevated in withdrawing male cats; (2) ethanol-treated cats are an appropriate model for studying the mechanism of ethanol effects on esophageal motor function; (3) gender has a significant role in influencing the effects of alcohol.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D008365	Manometry	Measurement of the pressure or tension of liquids or gases with a manometer.	Tonometry,Manometries
D009119	Muscle Contraction	A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.	Inotropism,Muscular Contraction,Contraction, Muscle,Contraction, Muscular,Contractions, Muscle,Contractions, Muscular,Inotropisms,Muscle Contractions,Muscular Contractions
D009130	Muscle, Smooth	Unstriated and unstriped muscle, one of the muscles of the internal organs, blood vessels, hair follicles, etc. Contractile elements are elongated, usually spindle-shaped cells with centrally located nuclei. Smooth muscle fibers are bound together into sheets or bundles by reticular fibers and frequently elastic nets are also abundant. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	Muscle, Involuntary,Smooth Muscle,Involuntary Muscle,Involuntary Muscles,Muscles, Involuntary,Muscles, Smooth,Smooth Muscles
D010528	Peristalsis	A movement, caused by sequential muscle contraction, that pushes the contents of the intestines or other tubular organs in one direction.	Peristalses
D002415	Cats	The domestic cat, Felis catus, of the carnivore family FELIDAE, comprising over 30 different breeds. The domestic cat is descended primarily from the wild cat of Africa and extreme southwestern Asia. Though probably present in towns in Palestine as long ago as 7000 years, actual domestication occurred in Egypt about 4000 years ago. (From Walker's Mammals of the World, 6th ed, p801)	Felis catus,Felis domesticus,Domestic Cats,Felis domestica,Felis sylvestris catus,Cat,Cat, Domestic,Cats, Domestic,Domestic Cat
D004032	Diet	Regular course of eating and drinking adopted by a person or animal.	Diets
D004195	Disease Models, Animal	Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	Animal Disease Model,Animal Disease Models,Disease Model, Animal
D004943	Esophagogastric Junction	The area covering the terminal portion of ESOPHAGUS and the beginning of STOMACH at the cardiac orifice.	Gastroesophageal Junction,Gastroesophageal Junctions,Junction, Esophagogastric,Junction, Gastroesophageal,Junctions, Gastroesophageal
D004947	Esophagus	The muscular membranous segment between the PHARYNX and the STOMACH in the UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.