Biomaterial Database

Renal failure, parathyroid hormone and extrarenal disposal of potassium. 1990

S G Massry

Department of Medicine, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles.

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) impairs extrarenal disposal of potassium in both acute and chronic renal failure. This effect is due to the property of the hormone that facilitates entry of calcium into cells since a rise in cytosolic calcium affects cellular permeability to potassium. On the other hand, calcium channel blockers enhance translocation of potassium from extracellular space into cells and this effect of these agents is related to their ability to prevent calcium entry into cells. Since patients with chronic renal failure have elevated blood levels of PTH, the effect of the hormone on extrarenal disposal of potassium should have important clinical implications. Chronic renal failure patients with higher blood levels of PTH may be at a greater risk of hyperkalemia when exposed to a potassium load than those with lower levels of PTH. Thus, in developing dietary regimens for potassium intake to patients with chronic renal failure, their blood levels of PTH should be taken into consideration in such dietary planning.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007676	Kidney Failure, Chronic	The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION.	ESRD,End-Stage Renal Disease,Renal Disease, End-Stage,Renal Failure, Chronic,Renal Failure, End-Stage,Chronic Kidney Failure,End-Stage Kidney Disease,Chronic Renal Failure,Disease, End-Stage Kidney,Disease, End-Stage Renal,End Stage Kidney Disease,End Stage Renal Disease,End-Stage Renal Failure,Kidney Disease, End-Stage,Renal Disease, End Stage,Renal Failure, End Stage
D010281	Parathyroid Hormone	A polypeptide hormone (84 amino acid residues) secreted by the PARATHYROID GLANDS which performs the essential role of maintaining intracellular CALCIUM levels in the body. Parathyroid hormone increases intracellular calcium by promoting the release of CALCIUM from BONE, increases the intestinal absorption of calcium, increases the renal tubular reabsorption of calcium, and increases the renal excretion of phosphates.	Natpara,PTH (1-84),PTH(1-34),Parathormone,Parathyrin,Parathyroid Hormone (1-34),Parathyroid Hormone (1-84),Parathyroid Hormone Peptide (1-34),Hormone, Parathyroid
D011188	Potassium	An element in the alkali group of metals with an atomic symbol K, atomic number 19, and atomic weight 39.10. It is the chief cation in the intracellular fluid of muscle and other cells. Potassium ion is a strong electrolyte that plays a significant role in the regulation of fluid volume and maintenance of the WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE.
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia