Penicillin tolerance and erythromycin resistance of group A beta-hemolytic streptococci in Hawaii and the Philippines. 1990

R R Wittler, and S M Yamada, and J W Bass, and R Hamill, and R A Wiebe, and D P Ascher
Department of Pediatrics, Tripler Army Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii 96859-5000.

Penicillin remains the drug of choice for the treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis, with erythromycin as an alternative drug for individuals who cannot take penicillin. Two areas of concern in the management of streptococcal pharyngitis are (1) the prevalence of penicillin-tolerant group A beta-hemolytic streptococci reported in recent studies and (2) the high prevalence of erythromycin resistance in some geographic areas. We tested 305 isolates of group A beta-hemolytic streptococci from Hawaii and the Philippines for penicillin minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimum bactericidal concentrations and erythromycin minimum inhibitory concentrations. There was no evidence of penicillin resistance or tolerance. The prevalence of erythromycin-resistant and moderately susceptible isolates was 3.6% and 2.3%, respectively. There was a trend toward greater erythromycin resistance levels among Hawaiian isolates, but this was not statistically significant.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008889 Military Personnel Persons including soldiers involved with the armed forces. Air Force Personnel,Armed Forces Personnel,Army Personnel,Coast Guard,Marines,Navy Personnel,Sailors,Soldiers,Submariners,Military,Force Personnel, Air,Personnel, Air Force,Personnel, Armed Forces,Personnel, Army,Personnel, Military,Personnel, Navy,Sailor,Soldier,Submariner
D010403 Penicillin Resistance Nonsusceptibility of an organism to the action of penicillins. Penicillin Resistances,Resistance, Penicillin,Resistances, Penicillin
D010679 Philippines A country in southeastern Asia, archipelago between the Philippine Sea and the South China Sea, and east of Vietnam. The capital is Manila. Philipines,Phillipines,Phillippines
D004352 Drug Resistance, Microbial The ability of microorganisms, especially bacteria, to resist or to become tolerant to chemotherapeutic agents, antimicrobial agents, or antibiotics. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation or foreign DNA in transmissible plasmids (R FACTORS). Antibiotic Resistance,Antibiotic Resistance, Microbial,Antimicrobial Resistance, Drug,Antimicrobial Drug Resistance,Antimicrobial Drug Resistances,Antimicrobial Resistances, Drug,Drug Antimicrobial Resistance,Drug Antimicrobial Resistances,Drug Resistances, Microbial,Resistance, Antibiotic,Resistance, Drug Antimicrobial,Resistances, Drug Antimicrobial
D004917 Erythromycin A bacteriostatic antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces erythreus. Erythromycin A is considered its major active component. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins. Erycette,Erymax,Erythromycin A,Erythromycin C,Erythromycin Lactate,Erythromycin Phosphate,Ilotycin,T-Stat,Lactate, Erythromycin,Phosphate, Erythromycin,T Stat,TStat
D006254 Hawaii A group of islands in Polynesia, in the north central Pacific Ocean, comprising eight major and 114 minor islands, largely volcanic and coral. Its capital is Honolulu. It was first reached by Polynesians about 500 A.D. It was discovered and named the Sandwich Islands in 1778 by Captain Cook. The islands were united under the rule of King Kamehameha 1795-1819 and requested annexation to the United States in 1893 when a provisional government was set up. Hawaii was established as a territory in 1900 and admitted as a state in 1959. The name is from the Polynesian Owhyhii, place of the gods, with reference to the two volcanoes Mauna Kea and Mauna Loa, regarded as the abode of the gods. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p493 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p2330) Midway Island,Midway Islands
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D013045 Species Specificity The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species. Species Specificities,Specificities, Species,Specificity, Species
D013297 Streptococcus pyogenes A species of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria isolated from skin lesions, blood, inflammatory exudates, and the upper respiratory tract of humans. It is a group A hemolytic Streptococcus that can cause SCARLET FEVER and RHEUMATIC FEVER. Flesh-Eating Bacteria,Streptococcus Group A,Bacteria, Flesh-Eating

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