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The problem of infectious endocarditis (IE) is approached through a review of personal experience. The series examined consists of patients, 17 with active and 21 dormant infection. Furthermore 12 in the first group, 18 in the second had natural heart valves, while 5 in group I, 3 in group II had been given artificial ones. After an analysis of the aetiopathogenic, clinical and diagnostic aspects of the condition with emphasis on the fact that Staphylococcus aureus is currently more responsible for infections in natural valves and the epidermidis for acute prosthesis infections which have a higher early and late mortality rate (40% in hospital, 33.3% long-term), the paper discusses the criteria for surgical intervention. In line with opinions expressed in the literature, it is pointed out that, while the patient's haemodynamic status is certainly the main criterion for any decision, other factors such as embolism, impaired conduction, kidney failure and expansion of the infection to contiguous tissues, should not be under-estimated.
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