Biomaterial Database

Virulence of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza A polymerase reassortant viruses. 2011

Min-Suk Song, and Philippe Noriel Q Pascua, and Young Ki Choi

Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongiu, Republic of Korea.

Infections due to the pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza A viruses have been considerably mild relative to previous pandemics. However, its continued circulation among human and animal populations heightened concerns for the generation of virulent variants with greater threat to public health. Thus, we explored the potential role of the influenza viral polymerases, including known molecular markers, in altering the virulence phenotype of the 2009 pandemic A/California/04/09 (CA04, H1N1) virus. By examining in vitro polymerase activities and in vivo pathogenicities in mice model, we were able to show that individual or simultaneous expression of virulence factors in PB2, PB1, and PA might not significantly elevate pathogenicity. Nevertheless, we demonstrated that PB2(627K) or PA(97I) derived from different genetic backgrounds and other unknown polymerase markers have the potential to enhance virulence of CA04. Virus rescue and replication studies identified PA as a critical factor in maintaining genetic stability of the CA04 (H1N1) virus.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007928	Lethal Dose 50	The dose amount of poisonous or toxic substance or dose of ionizing radiation required to kill 50% of the tested population.	LD50,Dose 50, Lethal
D008807	Mice, Inbred BALB C	An inbred strain of mouse that is widely used in IMMUNOLOGY studies and cancer research.	BALB C Mice, Inbred,BALB C Mouse, Inbred,Inbred BALB C Mice,Inbred BALB C Mouse,Mice, BALB C,Mouse, BALB C,Mouse, Inbred BALB C,BALB C Mice,BALB C Mouse
D009976	Orthomyxoviridae Infections	Virus diseases caused by the ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE.	Orthomyxovirus Infections,Infections, Orthomyxoviridae,Infections, Orthomyxovirus,Swine Influenza,Infection, Orthomyxoviridae,Infection, Orthomyxovirus,Influenza, Swine,Orthomyxoviridae Infection,Orthomyxovirus Infection
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012324	RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase	An enzyme that catalyses RNA-template-directed extension of the 3'- end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time, and can initiate a chain de novo. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, p293)	Nucleoside-Triphosphate:RNA Nucleotidyltransferase (RNA-directed),RNA Replicase,RNA-Dependent RNA Replicase,RNA-Directed RNA Polymerase,RNA Dependent RNA Polymerase,RNA Dependent RNA Replicase,RNA Directed RNA Polymerase,RNA Polymerase, RNA-Dependent,RNA Polymerase, RNA-Directed,RNA Replicase, RNA-Dependent,Replicase, RNA,Replicase, RNA-Dependent RNA
D014764	Viral Proteins	Proteins found in any species of virus.	Gene Products, Viral,Viral Gene Products,Viral Gene Proteins,Viral Protein,Protein, Viral,Proteins, Viral
D014774	Virulence	The degree of pathogenicity within a group or species of microorganisms or viruses as indicated by case fatality rates and/or the ability of the organism to invade the tissues of the host. The pathogenic capacity of an organism is determined by its VIRULENCE FACTORS.	Pathogenicity
D016019	Survival Analysis	A class of statistical procedures for estimating the survival function (function of time, starting with a population 100% well at a given time and providing the percentage of the population still well at later times). The survival analysis is then used for making inferences about the effects of treatments, prognostic factors, exposures, and other covariates on the function.	Analysis, Survival,Analyses, Survival,Survival Analyses
D016865	Reassortant Viruses	Viruses containing two or more pieces of nucleic acid (segmented genome) from different parents. Such viruses are produced in cells coinfected with different strains of a given virus.	Reassortant Virus,Virus, Reassortant,Viruses, Reassortant
D051379	Mice	The common name for the genus Mus.	Mice, House,Mus,Mus musculus,Mice, Laboratory,Mouse,Mouse, House,Mouse, Laboratory,Mouse, Swiss,Mus domesticus,Mus musculus domesticus,Swiss Mice,House Mice,House Mouse,Laboratory Mice,Laboratory Mouse,Mice, Swiss,Swiss Mouse,domesticus, Mus musculus