Biomaterial Database

[Inhalation anesthesia with halogenated hydrocarbons: value of isoflurane]. 1990

T Prien, and J Theissen, and P Lawin

Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie, Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster.

The halogenated hydrocarbons halothane, enflurane and isoflurane are used extensively. Like every other anaesthetic, these inhaled agents are not devoid of side effects, most of which are undesirable. This review summarises the similarities and differences between the actions of these vapours. Although isoflurane appears to be more advantageous than enflurane and halothane in certain patients, isoflurane is no panacea and the question of which agent to choose still has to be answered for every patient. A note of caution is warranted against the further use of halothane in adults, as halothane offers no advantages when compared to enflurane and isoflurane but carries a higher risk of hepatotoxicity. However, in children halothane remains the halogenated agent of first choice, when anaesthesia is induced via face mask.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007530	Isoflurane	A stable, non-explosive inhalation anesthetic, relatively free from significant side effects.
D012119	Respiration	The act of breathing with the LUNGS, consisting of INHALATION, or the taking into the lungs of the ambient air, and of EXHALATION, or the expelling of the modified air which contains more CARBON DIOXIDE than the air taken in (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary, 4th ed.). This does not include tissue respiration (	Breathing
D001921	Brain	The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.	Encephalon
D004737	Enflurane	An extremely stable inhalation anesthetic that allows rapid adjustments of anesthesia depth with little change in pulse or respiratory rate.	Alyrane,Enfran,Enlirane,Ethrane,Etran
D006221	Halothane	A nonflammable, halogenated, hydrocarbon anesthetic that provides relatively rapid induction with little or no excitement. Analgesia may not be adequate. NITROUS OXIDE is often given concomitantly. Because halothane may not produce sufficient muscle relaxation, supplemental neuromuscular blocking agents may be required. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p178)	1,1,1-Trifluoro-2-Chloro-2-Bromoethane,Fluothane,Ftorotan,Narcotan
D006439	Hemodynamics	The movement and the forces involved in the movement of the blood through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.	Hemodynamic
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000768	Anesthesia, General	Procedure in which patients are induced into an unconscious state through use of various medications so that they do not feel pain during surgery.	Anesthesias, General,General Anesthesia,General Anesthesias
D000769	Anesthesia, Inhalation	Anesthesia caused by the breathing of anesthetic gases or vapors or by insufflating anesthetic gases or vapors into the respiratory tract.	Insufflation Anesthesia,Anesthesia, Insufflation,Inhalation Anesthesia