Biomaterial Database

Effect of short term fasting on glucose tolerance and insulin secretion: influence of the initial glucose level. 1990

F Féry, and C Melot, and D Bosson, and E O Balasse

Department of Endocrinology, Hôpital Erasme, Brussels, Belgium.

To evaluate the effect of fasting on glucose tolerance (GT) and insulin secretion, a 5 h oral glucose tolerance test was performed after an overnight fast and after 3-6 days of fasting in 66 obese subjects presenting a normal (n = 22), impaired (n = 23) or diabetic (n = 21) GT. Insulin secretory capacity was assessed using two glucose-independent parameters of beta cell function. In the normal group, fasting induced a fall in basal glycemia from 84 +/- 1 to 58 +/- 2 mg/dl (P less than 0.001) and an increase in the area of glucose (+58 +/- 8%, P less than 0.001), insulin (+75 +/- 10%; P less than 0.001) and C-peptide (+58 +/- 10%; P less than 0.001) during OGTT, these responses were consistent with the emergence of insulin resistance. The insulin secretory capacity was significantly decreased. In the diabetic group, fasting was associated with an increase in insulin (+34 +/- 10%; P less than 0.005) and C-peptide (+34 +/- 8%; P less than 0.001) responses to OGTT despite a reduction in basal glycemia from 174 +/- 11 to 86 +/- 4 mg/dl (P less than 0.001) and in glucose response (-20 +/- 3%; P less than 0.001), indicating an improvement of insulin secretory capacity. In the group with impaired GT, basal glycemia decreased from 97 +/- 2 to 70 +/- 2 mg/dl (P less than 0.001) but glucose, insulin and C-peptide curves were not significantly affected by fasting.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007328	Insulin	A 51-amino acid pancreatic hormone that plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, directly by suppressing endogenous glucose production (GLYCOGENOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS) and indirectly by suppressing GLUCAGON secretion and LIPOLYSIS. Native insulin is a globular protein comprised of a zinc-coordinated hexamer. Each insulin monomer containing two chains, A (21 residues) and B (30 residues), linked by two disulfide bonds. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1).	Iletin,Insulin A Chain,Insulin B Chain,Insulin, Regular,Novolin,Sodium Insulin,Soluble Insulin,Chain, Insulin B,Insulin, Sodium,Insulin, Soluble,Regular Insulin
D007700	Kinetics	The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D008297	Male		Males
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D009765	Obesity	A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the recommended standards, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY).
D012016	Reference Values	The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality.	Normal Range,Normal Values,Reference Ranges,Normal Ranges,Normal Value,Range, Normal,Range, Reference,Ranges, Normal,Ranges, Reference,Reference Range,Reference Value,Value, Normal,Value, Reference,Values, Normal,Values, Reference
D001786	Blood Glucose	Glucose in blood.	Blood Sugar,Glucose, Blood,Sugar, Blood
D002096	C-Peptide	The middle segment of proinsulin that is between the N-terminal B-chain and the C-terminal A-chain. It is a pancreatic peptide of about 31 residues, depending on the species. Upon proteolytic cleavage of proinsulin, equimolar INSULIN and C-peptide are released. C-peptide immunoassay has been used to assess pancreatic beta cell function in diabetic patients with circulating insulin antibodies or exogenous insulin. Half-life of C-peptide is 30 min, almost 8 times that of insulin.	Proinsulin C-Peptide,C-Peptide, Proinsulin,Connecting Peptide,C Peptide,C Peptide, Proinsulin,Proinsulin C Peptide
D003920	Diabetes Mellitus	A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE.
D004038	Diet, Reducing	A diet designed to cause an individual to lose weight.	Weight Loss Diet,Weight Reduction Diet,Diet, Weight Loss,Diet, Weight Reduction,Diets, Reducing,Diets, Weight Loss,Diets, Weight Reduction,Reducing Diet,Reducing Diets,Weight Loss Diets,Weight Reduction Diets