Biomaterial Database

An evaluation of residency training in interviewing skills and the psychosocial domain of medical practice. 1990

D L Roter, and K A Cole, and D E Kern, and L R Barker, and M Grayson

Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins University, School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205.

Competent use of interviewing skills is important for the care of all patients but is especially critical, and frequently deficient, in meeting the needs of patients experiencing emotional distress. This study presents an evaluation of a curriculum in communication and psychosocial skills taught to first-year medical residents. A randomized experimental design compared trained and untrained residents' (n = 48) performances with a simulated patient presenting with atypical chest pain and psychosocial distress. Evaluation was based on analysis of videotapes, simulated patient report of residents' behaviors, and chart notation. Trained compared with untrained residents asked more open-ended questions and fewer leading questions, summarized main points more frequently, did more psychosocial counseling, and were rated as having better communication skills by the simulated patient. The use of more focused and psychosocially directed questions, and fewer leading and grab-bag questions, was associated with more accurate diagnoses and management recorded in the medical chart. However, no significant difference was found in the charting practices of trained versus untrained residents.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007396	Internship and Residency	Programs of EDUCATION, MEDICAL, GRADUATE training to meet the requirements established by accrediting authorities.	House Staff,Internship, Dental,Residency, Dental,Residency, Medical,Dental Internship,Dental Internships,Dental Residencies,Dental Residency,Internship,Internship, Medical,Internships, Dental,Medical Residencies,Medical Residency,Residencies, Dental,Residencies, Medical,Residency,Residency and Internship,Internships, Medical,Medical Internship,Medical Internships,Residencies,Staff, House
D007407	Interviews as Topic	Works about conversations with an individual or individuals held in order to obtain information about their background and other personal biographical data, their attitudes and opinions, etc. It includes works about school admission or job interviews.	Group Interviews,Interviewers,Interviews, Telephone,Oral History as Topic,Group Interview,Interview, Group,Interview, Telephone,Interviewer,Interviews, Group,Telephone Interview,Telephone Interviews
D008487	Medical History Taking	Acquiring information from a patient on past medical conditions and treatments.	Medical History, Previous,Past Medical History, Family,Previous Medical History,Family Health History,Family History, Health,Family History, Medical,Family Medical History,History Taking, Medical,Family Health Histories,Family Medical Histories,Health Family Histories,Health Family History,Health History, Family,History, Previous Medical,Medical Family Histories,Medical Family History,Medical Histories, Previous,Medical History, Family,Previous Medical Histories
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D010865	Pilot Projects	Small-scale tests of methods and procedures to be used on a larger scale if the pilot study demonstrates that these methods and procedures can work.	Pilot Studies,Pilot Study,Pilot Project,Project, Pilot,Projects, Pilot,Studies, Pilot,Study, Pilot
D011320	Primary Health Care	Care which provides integrated, accessible health care services by clinicians who are accountable for addressing a large majority of personal health care needs, developing a sustained partnership with patients, and practicing in the context of family and community. (JAMA 1995;273(3):192)	Primary Care,Primary Healthcare,Care, Primary,Care, Primary Health,Health Care, Primary,Healthcare, Primary
D002637	Chest Pain	Pressure, burning, or numbness in the chest.	Precordial Catch,Precordial Catch Syndrome,Texidor's Twinge,Chest Pains,Pain, Chest,Pains, Chest,Syndrome, Precordial Catch,Texidor Twinge
D002983	Clinical Competence	The capability to perform acceptably those duties directly related to patient care.	Clinical Skills,Competence, Clinical,Clinical Competency,Clinical Skill,Competency, Clinical,Skill, Clinical,Skills, Clinical,Clinical Competencies,Competencies, Clinical
D003142	Communication	The exchange or transmission of ideas, attitudes, or beliefs between individuals or groups.	Miscommunication,Misinformation,Social Communication,Communication Programs,Communications Personnel,Personal Communication,Communication Program,Communication, Personal,Communication, Social,Communications, Social,Miscommunications,Misinformations,Personnel, Communications,Program, Communication,Programs, Communication,Social Communications
D003376	Counseling	The giving of advice and assistance to individuals with educational or personal problems.