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Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. In the present study we have investigated the effects of IL-1 beta on glucose metabolism in clonal HIT-T15 beta cells. In the short-term (1 h), 25 U/ml IL-1 beta significantly increased the rates of insulin release and glucose utilisation, but not glucose oxidation. In contrast, after 48 h, IL-1 beta inhibited insulin release and glucose utilisation and oxidation. By assaying enzymes (hexokinase, glucokinase, pyruvate dehydrogenase, glucose 6-phosphatase) and nucleotides (ATP, ADP) associated with the regulation of glycolysis and glucose oxidation, we conclude that the inhibitory effects of IL-1 beta may be due to impaired glucokinase activity.
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