The ontogeny of human lymphocyte recirculation: high endothelial cell antigen (HECA-452) and CD44 homing receptor expression in the development of the immune system. 1990

E Horst, and C J Meijer, and A M Duijvestijn, and N Hartwig, and H J Van der Harten, and S T Pals
Department of Pathology, Free University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

In the present report we have studied the expression of a lymphocyte homing receptor, the CD44 antigen, and of HECA-452, a high endothelial-specific antigen, during the development of the human immune system. We found that prothymocyte immigrants of the thymus already expressed the CD44 antigen. Similarly, the first peripheral T lymphocytes in fetal lymph nodes, tonsils and gut-associated lymphoid tissue were also CD44+. Cortical thymocytes and germinal center cells were CD44-. CD44 antigen expression was, thus, not limited to mature recirculating lymphocytes. This suggests that CD44 may not only be involved in recirculation of mature lymphocytes but also in the migration of prothymocytes to their site of maturation, i.e. the thymus. High endothelial venules (HEV) were not demonstrable at the early onset of lymphocyte immigration into the developing lymphoid organs. However, when large-scale influx of lymphocytes occurred, it paralleled HEV development. HECA-452 antigen expression preceded the morphological transformation of endothelium into a HEV phenotype. Expression of this antigen therefore, independently reflected the specialized nature of high endothelium. In a patient with complete DiGeorge's syndrome normal HEV developed, indicating that the presence of T lymphocytes is not a requirement for HEV development. Interestingly, a subpopulation of venules located in the thymic medulla near the cortico-medullary junction expressed the HECA-452 antigen. These vessels, which had flat or intermediately high endothelium, are probably involved in lymphocyte migration to the thymus.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007231 Infant, Newborn An infant during the first 28 days after birth. Neonate,Newborns,Infants, Newborn,Neonates,Newborn,Newborn Infant,Newborn Infants
D008198 Lymph Nodes They are oval or bean shaped bodies (1 - 30 mm in diameter) located along the lymphatic system. Lymph Node,Node, Lymph,Nodes, Lymph
D008214 Lymphocytes White blood cells formed in the body's lymphoid tissue. The nucleus is round or ovoid with coarse, irregularly clumped chromatin while the cytoplasm is typically pale blue with azurophilic (if any) granules. Most lymphocytes can be classified as either T or B (with subpopulations of each), or NATURAL KILLER CELLS. Lymphoid Cells,Cell, Lymphoid,Cells, Lymphoid,Lymphocyte,Lymphoid Cell
D008221 Lymphoid Tissue Specialized tissues that are components of the lymphatic system. They provide fixed locations within the body where a variety of LYMPHOCYTES can form, mature and multiply. The lymphoid tissues are connected by a network of LYMPHATIC VESSELS. Lymphatic Tissue,Lymphatic Tissues,Lymphoid Tissues,Tissue, Lymphatic,Tissue, Lymphoid,Tissues, Lymphatic,Tissues, Lymphoid
D002465 Cell Movement The movement of cells from one location to another. Distinguish from CYTOKINESIS which is the process of dividing the CYTOPLASM of a cell. Cell Migration,Locomotion, Cell,Migration, Cell,Motility, Cell,Movement, Cell,Cell Locomotion,Cell Motility,Cell Movements,Movements, Cell
D004062 DiGeorge Syndrome Congenital syndrome characterized by a wide spectrum of characteristics including the absence of the THYMUS and PARATHYROID GLANDS resulting in T-cell immunodeficiency, HYPOCALCEMIA, defects in the outflow tract of the heart, and craniofacial anomalies. Velocardiofacial Syndrome,22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome,22q11.2DS,Autosomal Dominant Opitz G-Bbb Syndrome,Catch22,Conotruncal Anomaly Face Syndrome,Conotruncal Anomaly Face Syndrome (CTAF),Deletion 22q11.2 Syndrome,DiGeorge Anomaly,DiGeorge Sequence,Familial Third and Fourth Pharyngeal Pouch Syndrome,Hypoplasia of Thymus and Parathyroids,Pharyngeal Pouch Syndrome,Sedlackova Syndrome,Shprintzen Syndrome,Shprintzen VCF Syndrome,Third and Fourth Pharyngeal Pouch Syndrome,Thymic Aplasia Syndrome,VCF Syndrome,Velo-Cardio-Facial Syndrome,Autosomal Dominant Opitz G Bbb Syndrome,Deletion Syndrome, 22q11.2,Syndrome, DiGeorge,Syndrome, Sedlackova,Syndrome, Shprintzen,Syndrome, VCF,Syndrome, Velo-Cardio-Facial,Syndrome, Velocardiofacial,Velo Cardio Facial Syndrome
D004727 Endothelium A layer of epithelium that lines the heart, blood vessels (ENDOTHELIUM, VASCULAR), lymph vessels (ENDOTHELIUM, LYMPHATIC), and the serous cavities of the body. Endotheliums
D004729 Endothelium, Lymphatic Unbroken cellular lining (intima) of the lymph vessels (e.g., the high endothelial lymphatic venules). It is more permeable than vascular endothelium, lacking selective absorption and functioning mainly to remove plasma proteins that have filtered through the capillaries into the tissue spaces. Lymphatic Endothelium,Endotheliums, Lymphatic,Lymphatic Endotheliums
D005865 Gestational Age The age of the conceptus, beginning from the time of FERTILIZATION. In clinical obstetrics, the gestational age is often estimated from the onset of the last MENSTRUATION which is about 2 weeks before OVULATION and fertilization. It is also estimated to begin from fertilization, estrus, coitus, or artificial insemination. Embryologic Age,Fetal Maturity, Chronologic,Chronologic Fetal Maturity,Fetal Age,Maturity, Chronologic Fetal,Age, Embryologic,Age, Fetal,Age, Gestational,Ages, Embryologic,Ages, Fetal,Ages, Gestational,Embryologic Ages,Fetal Ages,Gestational Ages
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man

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