Biomaterial Database

Nephrogenous cyclic AMP as a parathyroid function test. 1979

A E Broadus

In man, the total amount of cyclic AMP (cAMP) excreted in urine is derived from (a) the filtered load of the nucleotide and (b) cAMP formed de novo in the kidney (nephrogenous cAMP, NcAMP). NcAMP is the only pool of the nucleotide easily quantified in vivo and appears to provide a specific index of the effects of circulating, active parathyroid hormone. Elevated values for NcAMP (4.64 +/- 1.95 nmol/100 ml GF, mean +/- SD) were found in 90% or more of 115 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, and low values (0.31 +/- 0.16 nmol/100 ml GF, mean +/- SD) were noted in 41 individuals with absent or suppressed parathyroid function. When properly expressed (as a function of glomerular filtration rate), results for the total cAMP excretion provided similar findings. The measurement of NcAMP provides a sensitive index of parathyroid function over the entire range of parathyroid activity and has proven to be an optimal method for assessing parathyroid suppressibility in response to intravenous or oral calcium administration. These techniques, the 'calcium injection test' and the 'oral calcium tolerance test', are useful in evaluation a number of subtle disorders of calcium metabolism.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D006961	Hyperparathyroidism	A condition of abnormally elevated output of PARATHYROID HORMONE (or PTH) triggering responses that increase blood CALCIUM. It is characterized by HYPERCALCEMIA and BONE RESORPTION, eventually leading to bone diseases. PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM is caused by parathyroid HYPERPLASIA or PARATHYROID NEOPLASMS. SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM is increased PTH secretion in response to HYPOCALCEMIA, usually caused by chronic KIDNEY DISEASES.
D007668	Kidney	Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.	Kidneys
D010280	Parathyroid Glands	Two pairs of small oval-shaped glands located in the front and the base of the NECK and adjacent to the two lobes of THYROID GLAND. They secrete PARATHYROID HORMONE that regulates the balance of CALCIUM; PHOSPHORUS; and MAGNESIUM in the body.	Gland, Parathyroid,Glands, Parathyroid,Parathyroid Gland
D010281	Parathyroid Hormone	A polypeptide hormone (84 amino acid residues) secreted by the PARATHYROID GLANDS which performs the essential role of maintaining intracellular CALCIUM levels in the body. Parathyroid hormone increases intracellular calcium by promoting the release of CALCIUM from BONE, increases the intestinal absorption of calcium, increases the renal tubular reabsorption of calcium, and increases the renal excretion of phosphates.	Natpara,PTH (1-84),PTH(1-34),Parathormone,Parathyrin,Parathyroid Hormone (1-34),Parathyroid Hormone (1-84),Parathyroid Hormone Peptide (1-34),Hormone, Parathyroid
D002118	Calcium	A basic element found in nearly all tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.	Coagulation Factor IV,Factor IV,Blood Coagulation Factor IV,Calcium-40,Calcium 40,Factor IV, Coagulation
D002128	Calcium Metabolism Disorders	Disorders in the processing of calcium in the body: its absorption, transport, storage, and utilization.	Calcium Metabolism Disorder,Disorder, Calcium Metabolism,Disorders, Calcium Metabolism
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000242	Cyclic AMP	An adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to both the 3'- and 5'-positions of the sugar moiety. It is a second messenger and a key intracellular regulator, functioning as a mediator of activity for a number of hormones, including epinephrine, glucagon, and ACTH.	Adenosine Cyclic 3',5'-Monophosphate,Adenosine Cyclic 3,5 Monophosphate,Adenosine Cyclic Monophosphate,Adenosine Cyclic-3',5'-Monophosphate,Cyclic AMP, (R)-Isomer,Cyclic AMP, Disodium Salt,Cyclic AMP, Monoammonium Salt,Cyclic AMP, Monopotassium Salt,Cyclic AMP, Monosodium Salt,Cyclic AMP, Sodium Salt,3',5'-Monophosphate, Adenosine Cyclic,AMP, Cyclic,Adenosine Cyclic 3',5' Monophosphate,Cyclic 3',5'-Monophosphate, Adenosine,Cyclic Monophosphate, Adenosine,Cyclic-3',5'-Monophosphate, Adenosine,Monophosphate, Adenosine Cyclic